| | (specifier) that; the; those (colloquial pr. [nei4]) / (pronoun) that (referring to persons, things or situations) / then (in that case) | HSK 1 |
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| | (bound form) up; upper; above; previous / first (of multiple parts) / to climb; to get onto; to go up / to attend (class or university) / (directional complement) up / (noun suffix) on; above | HSK 1 |
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| | of; ~'s (possessive particle) / (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) / (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) / (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的｜跑堂儿的 "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 "new one") / also pr. [di4] or [di5] in poetry and songs | HSK 1 |
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| | it (pronoun for an animal) | HSK 2 |
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| | good / appropriate; proper / all right! / (before a verb) easy to / (before a verb) good to / (before an adjective for exclamatory effect) so / (verb complement indicating completion) / (of two people) close; on intimate terms / (after a personal pronoun) hello | HSK 1 |
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| | (pronoun) this; these / (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun) / (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. [zhei4], esp. in Beijing) | HSK 1 |
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| | (joining two nouns) and; together with; with (Taiwan pr. [han4]) / (math.) sum / to make peace / (sports) to draw; to tie / (bound form) harmonious / (bound form) Japan; Japanese | HSK 1 |
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| | noun suffix, as in 椅子 "chair" | HSK 1 |
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| | nature / character / property / quality / attribute / sexuality / sex / gender / suffix forming adjective from verb / suffix forming noun from adjective, corresponding to -ness or -ity / essence / CL: 個｜个 | HSK 3 |
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| | (after a noun) between; among; amid / (used after certain bisyllabic words to form expressions indicating a short period of time, e.g. 彈指之間｜弹指之间) | HSK 4 |
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| | to wait for; to await / by the time; when; till / and so on; etc.; et al. / (bound form) class; rank; grade / (bound form) equal to; same as / (used to end an enumeration) / (literary) (plural suffix attached to a personal pronoun or noun) | HSK 1 |
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| | to compare / (followed by a noun and adjective) more {adj.} than {noun} / ratio / to gesture / (Taiwan pr. [bi4] in some compounds derived from Classical Chinese) | HSK 1 |
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| | (classifier used before a noun that has no specific classifier) / (bound form) individual | HSK 1 |
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| | just (in time) / just right / just enough / to happen to / to chance to / by chance / it just so happens that | HSK 2 |
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| | to hold; to grasp / to hold a baby in position to help it urinate or defecate / handlebar / classifier: handful, bundle, bunch / classifier for things with handles / (used to put the object before the verb: 把 + {noun} + {verb}) | HSK 3 |
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| | home / family / (polite) my (sister, uncle etc) / classifier for families or businesses / refers to the philosophical schools of pre-Han China / noun suffix for a specialist in some activity, such as a musician or revolutionary, corresponding to English -ist, -er, -ary or -ian / CL: 個｜个 | HSK 1 |
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| | suffix for nouns | HSK 2 |
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| | plural marker for pronouns, and nouns referring to individuals | HSK 1 |
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| | to hold / to seize / to catch / to apprehend / to take / (used in the same way as 把: to mark the following noun as a direct object) | HSK 1 |
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| | name / noun (part of speech) / place (e.g. among winners) / famous / classifier for people | HSK 2 |
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| | zero / nought / zero sign / fractional / fragmentary / odd (of numbers) / (placed between two numbers to indicate a smaller quantity followed by a larger one) / fraction / (in mathematics) remainder (after division) / extra / to wither and fall / to wither | HSK 1 |
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| | heel / to follow closely / to go with / (of a woman) to marry sb / with / compared with / to / towards / and (joining two nouns) | HSK 1 |
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| | to read out; to read aloud / to read / to attend (school); to study (a subject in school) / to pronounce | HSK 1 |
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| | to follow / from / because of; due to / by; via; through / (before a noun and a verb) it is for ... to ... | HSK 3 |
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| | to declare / to announce / to proclaim | HSK 3 |
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| | to announce; to make public; to publish | HSK 3 |
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| | (after a verb or adjective) one who (is) ... / (after a noun) person involved in ... / -er / -ist / (used after a number or 後｜后 or 前 to refer to sth mentioned previously) / (used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term) / (old) (used at the end of a command) / (old) this | HSK 3 |
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| | to report; to inform; to announce / to respond; to reply / to sign up for; to register for (abbr. for 報名｜报名) / to reward; to recompense / to take revenge; to retaliate / newspaper / periodical; journal / bulletin / telegram | HSK 3 |
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| | nutrition / nourishment / CL: 種｜种 | HSK 3 |
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| | (formal) and; together with (linking parallel nouns, verbs, or phrases) / (formal) with; from (marking the other participant in an interaction, comparison, or contrast, e.g. 與他握手｜与他握手 "shake hands with him", 與去年不同｜与去年不同 "different from last year") / (literary) to give; to grant; to bestow | HSK 6 |
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| | not enough / insufficient / inadequate | HSK 2 |
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| | really / sure enough / as expected / if indeed | HSK 3 |
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| | enough (sufficient) / enough (too much) / (coll.) (before adj.) really / (coll.) to reach by stretching out | HSK 2 |
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| | post / announcement | HSK 5 |
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| | this way; like this; so / (before a noun) this kind of; such | HSK 2 |
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| | insufficient / lacking / deficiency / not enough / inadequate / not worth / cannot / should not | HSK 5 |
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| | to renounce; to abandon; to give up | HSK 5 |
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| | cloth / to declare / to announce / to spread / to make known | HSK 3 |
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| | earth / dust / clay / local / indigenous / crude opium / unsophisticated / one of the eight categories of ancient musical instruments 八音 | HSK 3 |
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| | there's not enough time (to do sth); it's too late | HSK 4 |
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| | to have enough time; can do it in time; can still make it | HSK 4 |
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| | place / location / (after a noun) place where it is located | HSK 5 |
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| | enough; sufficient | HSK 3 |
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| | noisy / cacophonous / to make noise / to disturb / to vent (feelings) / to fall ill / to have an attack (of sickness) / to go in (for some activity) / to joke | HSK 4 |
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| | to criticize / to find fault with / to denounce | HSK 5 |
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| | to emit light; to shine; to glow; to glisten; to be luminous | HSK 7-9 |
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| | almost / nearly / more or less / about the same / good enough / not bad | HSK 2 |
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| | (slang) (used after a noun to mean "obsessive devotee of") maniac; fiend | |
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| | monotonous | HSK 4 |
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| | gluttonous / greedy / to have a craving | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to report (malefactors to the police) / to denounce | HSK 7-9 |
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| | boiled or deep-fried balls of glutinous rice flour, usually eaten during Lantern Festival | HSK 7-9 |
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| | the corresponding time period (in a different year etc) / concurrent / synchronous | HSK 6 |
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| | to spread / to lay out / to apply (powder, ointment etc) / sufficient (to cover) / enough | HSK 7-9 |
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| | glutinous rice and choice of filling wrapped in leaves and steamed or boiled | HSK 7-9 |
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| | announcement (written, on billboard, letter, newspaper or website) / to post information / a notice | HSK 5 |
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| | skate (cartilaginous fish of the family Rajidae) / (coll.) ray (fish) | |
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| | (conjunction linking two nouns) and its ...; and their ...; and his ...; and her ... | HSK 7-9 |
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| | myriad / multitudinous / multifarious | |
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| | poison / to poison / poisonous / malicious / cruel / fierce / narcotics | HSK 5 |
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| | to inform / to notify / to announce / circular / bulletin / (scientific) journal | HSK 6 |
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| | (bound form) densely wooded / (fig.) (bound form) multitudinous; gloomy; forbidding | |
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| | all right! / that's enough! | HSK 5 |
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| | (coll.) to be famished; ravenously hungry | |
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| | unfamiliar at first, but well accustomed soon enough (idiom) | |
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| | to replace (a worn-out tire etc) / to change (one's address etc) | HSK 5 |
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| | asynchronous | |
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| | (before a noun) Do (you, they etc) have ...? / Is there a ...? / (before a verb) Did (you, they etc) (verb, infinitive)? / Have (you, they etc) (verb, past participle)? | HSK 6 |
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| | malnutrition / undernourishment / deficiency disease / dystrophy | |
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| | uncountable noun (in grammar of European languages) | |
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| | newly minted coin; freshly printed banknote / fresh capital; new investment funds / (coll.) new money; recently acquired wealth; (by metonymy) the nouveau riche | |
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| | (old) third person singular pronoun ("he" or "she") / second person singular pronoun ("you") / (May 4th period) third person singular feminine pronoun ("she") / (Classical Chinese) introductory particle with no specific meaning / (preceding a noun) that / (bound form) Iraq (abbr. for 伊拉克) / (bound form) Iran (abbr. for 伊朗) | |
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| | poisonous | HSK 5 |
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| | to hang or suspend / to worry / public announcement / unresolved / baseless / without foundation | HSK 6 |
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| | to begin (with ...) (typically used in a structure such as 從｜从 + {noun} + 入手: "to begin with {noun}; to take {noun} as one's starting point") / to receive; to obtain; to buy | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (Internet slang) uploader (person who uploads a video or other content to the Internet) / pronounced [a4 pu5 zhu3] / (loanword from Japanese うｐ 主, "upunushi") | |
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| | unbearable / terrible / enough / unlikely | HSK 7-9 |
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| | ominous | |
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| | to release / to issue / to announce / to distribute | HSK 5 |
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| | joint announcement | |
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| | monotonous / dull / tedious (idiom) | |
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|
| | to withdraw the mandate of heaven (and transition to a new dynasty) (original meaning) / revolution / revolutionary / to revolt (against sb or sth) / to revolutionize (sth) / (separable verb sometimes used in the pattern 革noun 的命) / CL: 次 | HSK 7-9 |
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| | bright / brilliant / luminous | |
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| | synchronous digital hierarchy / SDH | |
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| | to have had enough of / to be fed up with / to have had one's fill of | |
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| | daring to act and courageous enough to take responsibility for it (idiom) / a true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his actions / the buck stops here | |
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| | (bound form) to say; to tell / to announce; to report / to denounce / to file a lawsuit; to sue | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to abandon / to discard / to renounce / to dump (sb) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to denounce / to condemn / to criticize / condemnation / criticism | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to leave; to part (from) / (literary) to differentiate; to distinguish / (dialect) to turn away; to turn aside; to avert (one's face, gaze etc) / (bound form) other; another; different / don't ...! / to fasten with a pin or clip / to stick in; to insert (in order to hinder movement) / (noun suffix) category (as in 性別｜性别, 派別｜派别) | HSK 1 |
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| | "double carbon", i.e. peak carbon 碳達峰｜碳达峰 and carbon neutrality 碳中和 / China's double carbon policy, announced in 2020, which aims to reach peak carbon use by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060 | |
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| | original / primary / native / indigenous / proto- / stock (firmware) | |
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| | announcement of joyful news / CL: 張｜张 | |
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| | technical term / proper noun | |
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| | announcement | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (idiom) (of people) born and raised in the locality; (of art forms, political parties, enterprises, products etc) developed locally from the outset; wholly indigenous | HSK 7-9 |
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| | a drip / a little bit / intravenous drip (used to administer drugs) | |
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| | (PRC) Double Reduction Policy, announced in 2021, aiming to ease pressure on K-12 students by reducing homework and banning for-profit after-school academic classes | |
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| | to declare (publicly) / to announce | |
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| | used in 彷彿｜仿佛 / (Note: While 仿 is not officially designated as the simplified form of 彷, it serves as the de facto simplification when 彷 is pronounced fǎng.) | HSK 7-9 |
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