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Simplified Pīnyīn		English Definition	Traditional HSK
先 xiān	先 \| 先* \| *先	early / prior / former / in advance / first	HSK 3


先进 xiānjìn	先进 \| 先进* \| *先进	advanced (technology) / to advance	先進 HSK 6


先生 Xiānsheng	先生 \| 先生* \| *先生	Mister (Mr.)


先生 xiānsheng	先生 \| 先生* \| *先生	teacher / husband / doctor (dialect) / CL: 位	HSK 1


先锋 xiānfēng	先锋 \| 先锋* \| *先锋	vanguard / pioneer / avant-garde	先鋒


先后 xiānhòu	先后 \| 先后* \| *先后	early or late / priority / in succession / one after another	先後


先行 xiānxíng	先行 \| 先行* \| *先行	to precede others / in advance


先见 xiānjiàn	先见 \| 先见* \| *先见	foresight / prescience	先見


先知 xiānzhī	先知 \| 先知* \| *先知	prophet


先导 xiāndǎo	先导 \| 先导* \| *先导	guide / forerunner / pioneer	先導


先进水平 xiānjìnshuǐpíng	先进水平 \| 先进水平* \| *先进水平	advanced level	先進水平


先驱 xiānqū	先驱 \| 先驱* \| *先驱	pioneer	先驅


先前 xiānqián	先前 \| 先前* \| *先前	before / previously	HSK 6


先机 xiānjī	先机 \| 先机* \| *先机	key moment / decisive opportunity	先機


先进集体 xiānjìnjítǐ	先进集体 \| 先进集体* \| *先进集体	(official accolade) advanced team / exemplary group	先進集體


先秦 xiān Qín	先秦 \| 先秦* \| *先秦	pre-Qin, Chinese history up to the foundation of the Qin imperial dynasty in 221 BC


先天 xiāntiān	先天 \| 先天* \| *先天	inborn / innate / natural


先后顺序 xiānhòushùnxù	先后顺序 \| 先后顺序* \| *先后顺序	order of priority / sequential order	先後順序


先进个人 xiānjìngèrén	先进个人 \| 先进个人* \| *先进个人	(official accolade) advanced individual / exemplary individual	先進個人


先河 xiānhé	先河 \| 先河* \| *先河	priority / sth advocated first / refers to ancient tradition: Worship the river first, then the sea.


先发 xiānfā	先发 \| 先发* \| *先发	initial / arising first / same as 首先發起｜首先发起	先發


先烈 xiānliè	先烈 \| 先烈* \| *先烈	martyr


先到先得 xiāndàoxiāndé	先到先得 \| 先到先得* \| *先到先得	first come first served


先决 xiānjué	先决 \| 先决* \| *先决	prerequisite / precondition	先決


先决条件 xiānjuétiáojiàn	先决条件 \| 先决条件* \| *先决条件	precondition / prerequisite	先決條件


先祖 xiānzǔ	先祖 \| 先祖* \| *先祖	deceased grandfather / ancestry


先兆 xiānzhào	先兆 \| 先兆* \| *先兆	omen


先锋队 xiānfēngduì	先锋队 \| 先锋队* \| *先锋队	vanguard	先鋒隊


先人 xiānrén	先人 \| 先人* \| *先人	ancestors / previous generations / my late father


先驱者 xiānqūzhě	先驱者 \| 先驱者* \| *先驱者	pioneer	先驅者


先睹为快 xiāndǔwéikuài	先睹为快 \| 先睹为快* \| *先睹为快	joy of first experience (idiom) / the pleasure of reading sth for the first time	先睹為快


先辈 xiānbèi	先辈 \| 先辈* \| *先辈	elders / former generations	先輩


先例 xiānlì	先例 \| 先例* \| *先例	antecedent / precedent


先贤 xiānxián	先贤 \| 先贤* \| *先贤	worthy predecessor / distinguished person of the past / former sage	先賢


先民 xiānmín	先民 \| 先民* \| *先民	forebears


先期 xiānqī	先期 \| 先期* \| *先期	in advance / beforehand / premature / front-end


先有 xiānyǒu	先有 \| 先有* \| *先有	prior / preexisting


先达 xiāndá	先达 \| 先达* \| *先达	famous and virtuous ancestors / the great men of the past	先達


先声 xiānshēng	先声 \| 先声* \| *先声	herald / precursor / harbinger	先聲


先验 xiānyàn	先验 \| 先验* \| *先验	a priori (philosophy)	先驗


先王之道 xiānwángzhīdào	先王之道 \| 先王之道* \| *先王之道	the way of former kings


先发制人 xiānfāzhìrén	先发制人 \| 先发制人* \| *先发制人	to gain the initiative by striking first (idiom); to preempt / to anticipate / preemptive	先發制人


先兵后礼 xiānbīnghòulǐ	先兵后礼 \| 先兵后礼* \| *先兵后礼	opposite of 先禮後兵｜先礼后兵	先兵後禮


先令 xiānlìng	先令 \| 先令* \| *先令	shilling (loanword)


先入为主 xiānrùwéizhǔ	先入为主 \| 先入为主* \| *先入为主	lit. first impression is strongest	先入為主


先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐 xiāntiānxiàzhīyōu'éryōu, hòutiānxiàzhīlè'érlè	先天…而乐 \| 先天…而乐* \| *先天…而乐	The first concern is affairs of state, enjoying the pleasure comes later. Quotation from essay On Yueyang Tower 岳陽樓記｜岳阳楼记 by Song writer Fan Zhongyan 範仲淹｜范仲淹	先天下之憂而憂，後天下之樂而樂


先声夺人 xiānshēngduórén	先声夺人 \| 先声夺人* \| *先声夺人	to gain the upper hand by a show of strength	先聲奪人


先遣队 xiānqiǎnduì	先遣队 \| 先遣队* \| *先遣队	advance party / advance troops	先遣隊


先天不足 xiāntiānbùzú	先天不足 \| 先天不足* \| *先天不足	congenital deficiency / inherent weakness


先下手为强 xiānxiàshǒuwéiqiáng	先下手为强 \| 先下手为强* \| *先下手为强	strike first and gain the upper hand (idiom, martial arts term); Making the first move is an advantage.	先下手為強


先锋派 xiānfēngpài	先锋派 \| 先锋派* \| *先锋派	avant-garde	先鋒派


先觉 xiānjué	先觉 \| 先觉* \| *先觉	person with foresight	先覺


先头 xiāntóu	先头 \| 先头* \| *先头	in advance / ahead / before / previously	先頭


先见之明 xiānjiànzhīmíng	先见之明 \| 先见之明* \| *先见之明	foresight	先見之明


先知先觉 xiānzhīxiānjué	先知先觉 \| 先知先觉* \| *先知先觉	foresight / having foresight / person of foresight	先知先覺


先进武器 xiānjìnwǔqì	先进武器 \| 先进武器* \| *先进武器	advanced weapon	先進武器


先哲 xiānzhé	先哲 \| 先哲* \| *先哲	distinguished precursor / famous thinker of antiquity


先斩后奏 xiānzhǎnhòuzòu	先斩后奏 \| 先斩后奏* \| *先斩后奏	first decapitate then present your trophy (idiom); act first, report later	先斬後奏


先礼后兵 xiānlǐhòubīng	先礼后兵 \| 先礼后兵* \| *先礼后兵	peaceful measures before using force (idiom); diplomacy before violence / jaw-jaw is better than war-war	先禮後兵


先来后到 xiānláihòudào	先来后到 \| 先来后到* \| *先来后到	in order of arrival / first come, first served	先來後到


先验概率 xiānyàngàilǜ	先验概率 \| 先验概率* \| *先验概率	prior probability (statistics)	先驗概率


先容 xiānróng	先容 \| 先容* \| *先容	to introduce sb / to recommend


先父 xiānfù	先父 \| 先父* \| *先父	deceased father / my late father


先决问题 xiānjuéwèntí	先决问题 \| 先决问题* \| *先决问题	preliminary question / priority problem / issues requiring more immediate attention	先決問題


先天性缺陷 xiāntiānxìngquēxiàn	先天性缺陷 \| 先天性缺陷* \| *先天性缺陷	birth defect


先汉 xiān Hàn	先汉 \| 先汉* \| *先汉	pre-Han / China before to 200 BC	先漢


先妣 xiānbǐ	先妣 \| 先妣* \| *先妣	deceased mother / mother of an ancestor


先帝遗诏 xiāndìyízhào	先帝遗诏 \| 先帝遗诏* \| *先帝遗诏	posthumous edict of former emperor / Liu Bei's 劉備｜刘备 edict to posterity	先帝遺詔


先不先 xiānbùxiān	先不先 \| 先不先* \| *先不先	(dialect) first of all / in the first place


先天愚型 xiāntiānyúxíng	先天愚型 \| 先天愚型* \| *先天愚型	Down syndrome / trisomy 21


先公 xiāngōng	先公 \| 先公* \| *先公	deceased father / deceased senior male figure


先见者 xiānjiànzhě	先见者 \| 先见者* \| *先见者	seer	先見者


先行者 xiānxíngzhě	先行者 \| 先行者* \| *先行者	forerunner


先天性 xiāntiānxìng	先天性 \| 先天性* \| *先天性	congenital / intrinsic / innateness


先期录音 xiānqīlùyīn	先期录音 \| 先期录音* \| *先期录音	prerecording / to prerecord	先期錄音


先有后婚 xiānyǒuhòuhūn	先有后婚 \| 先有后婚* \| *先有后婚	marriage arranged following a pregnancy / marriage necessitated by an unplanned pregnancy	先有後婚


先大母 xiāndàmǔ	先大母 \| 先大母* \| *先大母	deceased paternal grandmother


先慈 xiāncí	先慈 \| 先慈* \| *先慈	deceased mother


先鞭 xiānbiān	先鞭 \| 先鞭* \| *先鞭	to take precedence / to make an early start / to lead the way


先君 xiānjūn	先君 \| 先君* \| *先君	my late father / my ancestors / the late emperor


先皇 xiān Huáng	先皇 \| 先皇* \| *先皇	the late Emperor


先王 xiānwáng	先王 \| 先王* \| *先王	former kings / former emperors / in Confucian writing, refers esp. to the sage rulers Yao 堯｜尧, Shun 舜, Yu 禹, Tang 湯｜汤 and the kings of Zhou


先王之政 xiānwángzhīzhèng	先王之政 \| 先王之政* \| *先王之政	the rule of former kings


先王之乐 xiānwángzhīyuè	先王之乐 \| 先王之乐* \| *先王之乐	the music of former kings	先王之樂

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