exhausting / hard / tough / arduous / to work hard / to go to a lot of trouble / hardship(s)

hardworking / industrious

painstakingly / with great trouble

spicy hot (taste) / fig. biting (criticism)

Arnold Schwarzenegger (1947-), US actor and politician, governor of California 2003-2011 / also written 阿諾德·施瓦辛格｜阿诺德·施瓦辛格

Henry Kissinger (1923-), US academic and politician, Secretary of State 1973-1977

to suffer every possible torment (idiom); bitter hardship / to bear one's cross

pungent (taste) / bitter / fig. sad / miserable

laborious

forty-eighth year H12 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1971 or 2031 / cf 辛亥革命, Xinhai Revolution of 1911

Cincinnati, Ohio

hardships / arduous / difficult

thirty-eighth year H2 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1961 or 2021 / cf 辛丑條約｜辛丑条约, Protocol of Beijing of 1901 ending the 8-nation intervention after the Boxer uprising

surname Xin

(of taste) hot or pungent / hard / laborious / suffering / eighth in order / eighth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干 / letter "H" or Roman "VIII" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc / ancient Chinese compass point: 285° / octa

Simpson (name)

Xinji, county-level city in Shijiazhuang 石家莊｜石家庄, Hebei

eighteenth year H6 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 2001 or 2061

Singh (name)

Jean Racine (1639-1699), French dramatist

eight year H8 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1991 or 2051

to suffer untold hardships (idiom); trials and tribulations / with difficulty / after some effort

Zimbabwe (Tw)

Manchurian wild ginger (family Asarum)

Helsinki (Swedish Helsingfors), capital of Finland

Xinhai Revolution (1911), which ended the Qing Dynasty

to make nothing of hardships

syndicate (loanword)

Wisconsin

one of the five legendary emperors, also called 嚳｜喾

Lansing, capital of Michigan

Maxine (name)

octane rating

Lixin county in Bozhou 亳州, Anhui

Xinji, county-level city in Shijiazhuang 石家莊｜石家庄, Hebei

to have suffered all kinds of hardships (idiom)

Lixin county in Bozhou 亳州, Anhui

bitter hardship / to bear one's cross

twenty-eighth year H4 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 2011 or 2071

San Jacinto

Zhou Xin (c. 11th century BC), last king of the Shang dynasty

dioxin, carcinogenic heterocyclic hydrocarbon (esp. Taiwan usage)

very pungent and spicy vegetable dishes (a common Buddhist term)

misery

Thimphu, capital of Bhutan (Tw)

see 五葷｜五荤

Arnold Schwarzenegger (1947-), Austrian-born American bodybuilder, actor and politician

Funcinpec (royalist Cambodian political party)

Auschwitz (concentration camp)

Auschwitz concentration camp

Auschwitz (concentration camp)

Emperor Xin, last ruler of Shang (11th Century BC), famous as a tyrant

Arnold Schwarzenegger (1947-), US actor and politician, governor of California 2003-2011

Ibrahim (name)

behind-the-scenes story / details known only to insiders

benactyzine

Chea Sim, president of Cambodian National Assembly

Boxer Protocol of 1901 signed in Beijing, ending the Eight-power Allied Force intervention after the Boxer uprising

simvastatin

to make industrious and diligent efforts (idiom)

kimchi (loanword)

The Simpsons (US TV series)

Shin Bet (Israel national security service)

fifty-eighth year H10 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1981 or 2041

Arnold Schwarzenegger (1947-), US actor and politician, governor of California 2003-2011