| | exhausting / hard / tough / arduous / to work hard / to go to a lot of trouble / hardship(s) | HSK 5 |
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| | hardworking; industrious | HSK 7-9 |
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| | pungent (taste) / bitter / fig. sad / miserable | HSK 7-9 |
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| | hardships / arduous / difficult | HSK 7-9 |
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| | eight year H8 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1991 or 2051 | |
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| | syndicate (loanword) | |
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| | surname Xin | |
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| | (of taste) hot or pungent / hard / laborious / suffering / eighth in order / eighth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干 / letter "H" or Roman "VIII" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc / ancient Chinese compass point: 285° / octa | |
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| | forty-eighth year H12 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1971 or 2031 / cf 辛亥革命, Xinhai Revolution of 1911 | |
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| | Xinji, county-level city in Shijiazhuang 石家莊｜石家庄, Hebei | |
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| | (name) Singh | |
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| | Simpson (name) | |
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| | Henry Kissinger (1923-2023), US academic and politician, Secretary of State 1973-1977 | |
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| | thirty-eighth year H2 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1961 or 2021 / cf 辛丑條約｜辛丑条约, Protocol of Beijing of 1901 ending the 8-nation intervention after the Boxer uprising | |
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| | Arnold Schwarzenegger (1947-), US actor and politician, governor of California 2003-2011 | |
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| | laborious | |
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| | painstakingly / with great trouble | |
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| | eighteenth year H6 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 2001 or 2061 | |
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| | to suffer untold hardships (idiom); trials and tribulations / with difficulty / after some effort | |
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| | to make nothing of hardships | |
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| | spicy hot (taste) / fig. biting (criticism) | |
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| | to suffer every possible torment (idiom); bitter hardship / to bear one's cross | |
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| | misery | |
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| | Auschwitz (concentration camp) | |
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| | bitter hardship / to bear one's cross | |
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| | The Simpsons (US TV series) | |
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| | Lansing, capital of Michigan | |
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| | Cincinnati, Ohio | |
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| | Xinhai Revolution (1911), which ended the Qing Dynasty | |
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| | Chea Sim, president of Cambodian National Assembly | |
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| | very pungent and spicy vegetable dishes (a common Buddhist term) | |
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| | Maxine (name) | |
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| | Arnold Schwarzenegger (1947-), US actor and politician, governor of California 2003-2011 | |
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| | Zhou Xin (c. 11th century BC), last king of the Shang dynasty | |
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| | Jean Racine (1639-1699), French dramatist | |
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| | Arnold Schwarzenegger (1947-), US actor and politician, governor of California 2003-2011 / also written 阿諾德·施瓦辛格｜阿诺德·施瓦辛格 | |
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| | one of the five legendary emperors, also called 嚳｜喾 | |
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| | Emperor Xin, last ruler of Shang (11th Century BC), famous as a tyrant | |
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| | Wisconsin | |
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| | kimchi (loanword) | |
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| | behind-the-scenes story / details known only to insiders | |
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| | to make industrious and diligent efforts (idiom) | |
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| | dioxin, carcinogenic heterocyclic hydrocarbon (esp. Taiwan usage) | |
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| | | |
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| | Arnold Schwarzenegger (1947-), Austrian-born American bodybuilder, actor and politician | |
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| | (adjective) non-Buddhist vegetarian (allowing strong-smelling vegetables like garlic and onions) | |
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| | (idiom) to have suffered all kinds of hardships | |
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| | | |
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| | Lixin, a county in Bozhou 亳州, Anhui | |
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| | (loanword) pentazocine (a synthetic opioid analgesic) | |
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| | Funcinpec (royalist Cambodian political party) | |
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| | Auschwitz concentration camp | |
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| | Auschwitz (concentration camp) | |
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| | Manchurian wild ginger (family Asarum) | |
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| | San Jacinto | |
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| | benactyzine | |
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| | Helsinki (Swedish Helsingfors), capital of Finland | |
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| | Boxer Protocol of 1901 signed in Beijing, ending the Eight-power Allied Force intervention after the Boxer uprising | |
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| | simvastatin | |
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| | twenty-eighth year H4 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 2011 or 2071 | |
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| | Zimbabwe (Tw) | |
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| | Thimphu, capital of Bhutan (Tw) | |
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| | octane rating | |
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| | Shin Bet (Israel national security service) | |
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| | fifty-eighth year H10 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1981 or 2041 | |
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| | Xinji, county-level city in Shijiazhuang 石家莊｜石家庄, Hebei | |
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