| | bitter / hardship / pain / to suffer / to bring suffering to / painstakingly | HSK 4 |
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| | to bear hardships and work hard (idiom); assiduous and long-suffering / hard-working and capable of overcoming adversity | |
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| | pain / suffering / painful / CL: 個|个 | HSK 3 |
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| | lit. sour, sweet, bitter and spicy (idiom) / fig. all kinds of flavors; the joys and sorrows of life | HSK 5 |
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| | difficult / hard / arduous | HSK 5 |
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| | to suffer hardship | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to struggle arduously | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to look anxious (idiom) / to look miserable | HSK 7-9 |
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| | painstakingly / with great trouble | |
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| | amygdalin | |
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| | bitter work / hard toil / (loanword) coolie, unskilled Chinese laborer in colonial times | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to train hard / to practice diligently / hard work / blood, sweat, and tears | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to make nothing of hardships | |
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| | why bother? / is it worth the trouble? | HSK 7-9 |
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| | exhausting / hard / tough / arduous / to work hard / to go to a lot of trouble / hardship(s) | HSK 5 |
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| | to spare no effort | |
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| | hardworking / assiduous | HSK 7-9 |
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| | earnest and well-meaning advice (idiom); to persuade patiently | |
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| | painstaking effort / to take a lot of trouble / laborious at pains | HSK 7-9 |
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| | good medicine tastes bitter (idiom); fig. frank criticism is hard to swallow | |
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| | vexed / distressed | HSK 7-9 |
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| | hardworking and enduring hardships (idiom) | |
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| | to abandon suffering and obtain happiness (Buddhism) | |
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| | to bring trouble on oneself | |
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| | to bury oneself in work (idiom); to be engrossed in work / to make an all-out effort / up to the neck in work | |
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| | to speak sarcastically / to make cutting remarks / also pr. [wa1 ku5] | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to suffer every possible torment (idiom); bitter hardship / to bear one's cross | |
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| | Heaven will not disappoint the person who tries (idiom). If you try hard, you're bound to succeed eventually. | |
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| | to make a hard living as unskilled laborer | |
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| | to entreat piteously / to implore | |
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| | to toil / hard work | |
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| | to whine on for days (idiom) / to endlessly grumble complaints / incessant whining | |
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| | deprivation / distressed / miserable | |
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| | to think hard (idiom) / to give sth much thought | |
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| | hard job / arduous task | |
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| | to pour out one's grievances | |
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| | to bear hardships | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to grumble / to complain / grievance | HSK 7-9 |
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| | A small hole not plugged will make you suffer a big hole (idiom); a stitch in time saves nine | |
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| | to build up an enterprise through painstaking efforts | |
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| | lit. sea of bitterness / abyss of worldly suffering (Buddhist term) / depths of misery | |
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| | The sea of bitterness has no bounds, turn your head to see the shore (idiom). Only Buddhist enlightenment can allow one to shed off the abyss of worldly suffering. / Repent and ye shall be saved! | |
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| | to force a smile / a bitter laugh | HSK 7-9 |
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| | good times and hardships / joys and tribulations / for better or for worse | |
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| | physical pain / lit. skin and flesh suffer | |
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| | to suffer untold hardships (idiom); trials and tribulations / with difficulty / after some effort | |
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| | lit. bitter fruit / fig. painful consequence | |
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| | secret trouble / sorrow / difficulties | |
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| | suffering | HSK 7-9 |
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| | hard lot / bitter fate / unfortunate | |
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| | to endure (years of suffering) | |
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| | to be forced to suffer in silence (idiom) / unable to speak of one's bitter suffering / sometimes written 啞子吃黃連, 有苦說不出|哑子吃黄连, 有苦说不出 | |
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| | sufferings | |
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| | shared delights and common hardships (idiom); to share life's joys and sorrows / for better or for worse | |
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| | leading a plain, hardworking life (idiom) | |
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| | poverty-stricken / poor | |
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| | strenuously / persistently / hard / painful | |
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| | ascetic monk | |
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| | to complain without stopping (idiom); to bitch endlessly / incessant grievances | |
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| | hard labor (in penal code) / coolie | |
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| | bitter melon (bitter gourd, balsam pear, balsam apple, leprosy gourd, bitter cucumber) | |
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| | to ponder earnestly / to give a lot of thought to sth | |
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| | (idiom) great bitterness and deep hatred; deeply ingrained long-standing resentment | |
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| | absinthe (distilled anise-based liquor) | |
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| | impoverished / destitute | |
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| | to consider from all angles (idiom); to think hard / to rack one's brains | |
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| | persisting despite trials and tribulations (idiom); conspicuous determination | |
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| | the trick of injuring oneself to gain the enemy's confidence / CL: 條|条 | |
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| | to find joy in sorrows (idiom); to enjoy sth in spite of one's suffering | |
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| | having unspeakable bitter suffering / (often used after 啞巴吃黃連|哑巴吃黄连) | |
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| | destitute but honest / poor and simple / spartan / austere | |
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| | cutleaf ground-cherry / Physalis angulata | |
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| | to ponder earnestly / to give a lot of thought to sth | |
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| | liquorice (Sophora flavescens), with roots used in TCM | |
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| | affliction | |
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| | excruciating | |
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| | to rack one's brains / to think hard | |
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| | hardworking / assiduous | |
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| | (idiom) to ask for trouble; to make a rod for one's own back | |
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| | to study diligently | |
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| | anxiety / distress | |
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| | unable to bear the pain (idiom) | |
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| | to study diligently / to train assiduously | |
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| | to be born under an ill star | |
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| | unsavory meal taken in remembrance of past hardships / fig. poor-tasting meal | |
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| | toil / hard work | |
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| | to share joys and sorrows / sharing good times and hard times / same as 同甘共苦 | |
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| | bitter and astringent / pained / agonized | |
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| | to treat (sb) unjustly / anguish caused by an injustice | |
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| | a blood soaked and hard-fought struggle (idiom) | |
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| | Peruvian ground-cherry / cape gooseberry / Physalis peruviana | |
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| | forced labor / corvée / penal servitude | |
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| | endive | |
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| | to visit the poor and ask about their suffering (idiom) | |
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| | (neologism c. 2024) to stubbornly endure hardships that need not be endured; to go out of one's way to make things difficult for oneself | |
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| | to work hard | |
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| | one cannot achieve glory and wealth without having been through trials and tribulations (proverb) / no pain, no gain | |
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| | pains (of illness) / sufferings (esp. in Buddhism) | |
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