| | sense / meaning / significance / importance / CL: 個｜个 | HSK 3 |
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| | duty; obligation (CL: 項｜项) / volunteer (work etc) | HSK 4 |
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| | meaning (implicit in a phrase) / implied meaning / hidden meaning / hint / connotation | HSK 4 |
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| | completely lacking any feeling or sense of justice (idiom); cold and ruthless | HSK 7-9 |
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| | justice / righteousness / just / righteous | HSK 5 |
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| | socialism | HSK 7-9 |
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| | name / titular / nominal / in name / ostensible purpose | HSK 6 |
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| | opportunism / pragmatism | |
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| | righteousness / justice | |
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| | Leninism | |
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| | -ism / ideology | HSK 7-9 |
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| | minimalism | |
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| | lit. heaven's law and earth's principle (idiom); fig. right and proper / right and unalterable / a matter of course | HSK 7-9 |
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| | persisting in evil brings about self-destruction (idiom) | |
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| | socialism with Chinese characteristics, phrase introduced by the CCP in 1986 to refer to its ideological model, embracing the economic reforms of the post-Mao era | |
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| | chivalrous / chivalry / knight-errantry | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to meet as volunteers for an uprising | |
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| | adopted son | |
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| | absolutism / despotism / autocracy | |
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| | Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong 羅貫中｜罗贯中, one of the Four Classic Novels of Chinese literature, a fictional account of the Three Kingdoms at the break-up of the Han around 200 AD, portraying Liu Bei's 劉備｜刘备 Shu Han 蜀漢｜蜀汉 as heroes and Cao Cao's 曹操 Wei 魏 as villains | |
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| | capitalism | HSK 7-9 |
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| | Formalism (art) | |
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| | philosophy of idealism, the doctrine that external reality is a product of consciousness | |
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| | honor does not allow one to glance back (idiom); duty-bound not to turn back / no surrender / to pursue justice with no second thoughts | |
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| | to forget loyalty when in love / hoes before bros | |
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| | principle of people's livelihood, the third of Dr Sun Yat-sen's 孫中山｜孙中山 Three Principles of the People 三民主義｜三民主义 (at the time, meaning redistribution of wealth, self-sufficiency and internal trade) | |
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| | meaning of a word | |
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| | romanticism | |
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| | humanism | |
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| | separatism | |
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| | volunteer worker / volunteer work | HSK 7-9 |
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| | feelings of gratitude and loyalty | |
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| | compassion, duty, propriety and integrity (idiom); all the traditional virtues / mainly used sarcastically, to mean hypocritical | |
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| | content / meaning / connotation / implication | HSK 7-9 |
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| | Dr Sun Yat-sen's 孫中山｜孙中山 Three Principles of the People (late 1890s) | |
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| | bureaucracy | HSK 7-9 |
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| | money worship | |
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| | conservatism | |
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| | objectivist philosophy | |
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| | populism | |
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| | to disambiguate | |
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| | utilitarianism | |
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| | Wuchang Uprising of October 10th, 1911, which led to Sun Yat-sen's Xinhai Revolution and the fall of the Qing dynasty | |
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| | environmentalism | |
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| | missense mutation | |
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| | synonym | |
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| | definition / to define | HSK 7-9 |
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| | subjectivism | |
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| | feminism | |
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| | rationalism | |
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| | injustice | |
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| | extended meaning (of an expression) / derived sense | |
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| | hedonism | |
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| | Nanchang Uprising, 1st August 1927, the beginning of military revolt by the Communists in the Chinese Civil War | |
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| | Enlightenment (philosophy) | |
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| | (idiom, from the Analects) (usu. of a passer-by who comes across a critical situation) to step in and help; to take brave or selfless action | HSK 7-9 |
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| | nominal value | |
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| | historic significance | |
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| | (idiom) to abandon moral principles in the pursuit of profit | |
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| | Communist Youth League of China / China Youth League | |
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| | benevolence and righteousness | |
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| | affable and even-tempered | |
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| | Investiture of the Gods, major Ming dynasty vernacular novel of mythology and fantasy, very loosely based on King Wu of Zhou's 周武王 overthrow of the Shang, subsequent material for opera, film, TV series, computer games etc | |
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| | pacifism | |
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| | existentialism | |
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| | to define | |
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| | perfectionist | |
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| | optimism | |
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| | not to have any meaning / meaningless | |
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| | Fu Zuoyi (1895–1974), Chinese general and politician, Nationalist commander who negotiated the peaceful surrender of Beiping (Beijing) to the Communists in 1949, and later held senior posts in the PRC government | |
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| | (semantics) connotative meaning; connotation | |
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| | materialism, philosophical doctrine that physical matter is the whole of reality | |
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| | meaning of a character | |
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| | to dramatize historical events / novel or play on historical theme | |
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| | socialist | |
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| | unilateralism | |
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| | protectionism | |
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| | extremism | |
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| | national socialism / Nazism | |
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| | pragmatism | |
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| | morality / righteousness and justice | |
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| | Jintian Uprising | |
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| | egoism | |
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| | compulsory education | |
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| | broad sense / general sense | HSK 7-9 |
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| | special relativity | |
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| | devotion to righteousness that inspires reverence (idiom) | |
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| | ambiguity / several possible meanings | |
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| | individualism | |
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| | righteousness / virtuous cause / a woman's marriage / main points of a piece of writing | |
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| | terrorism | |
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| | progressivism | |
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| | Nazism | |
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| | hedonist | |
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| | internationalism | |
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| | democrat | |
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| | policy of nonresistance | |
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| | male chauvinism | |
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| | constitutionalism | |
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| | liberalism | |
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