| | (intransitive) to change; to vary / change; variation (CL: 個｜个) | HSK 3 |
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| | to make into / to change into / -ization / to ... -ize / to transform / abbr. for 化學｜化学 | HSK 3 |
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| | culture / civilization / cultural / CL: 個｜个, 種｜种 | HSK 3 |
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| | to digest (food) / (fig.) to absorb (information etc); to assimilate; to process | HSK 4 |
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| | to change; to turn; to convert / (genetics) to transform / (chemistry) isomerization | HSK 5 |
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| | | HSK 5 |
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| | to make green with plants / to reforest / (Internet slang) Islamization | HSK 6 |
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| | to deepen / to intensify | HSK 6 |
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| | to strengthen / to intensify | HSK 6 |
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| | breeding / to incubate / innovation (esp. in commerce and marketing) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to optimize | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to simplify | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to worsen | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to make more beautiful / to decorate / embellishment | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to purify | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to split apart / differentiation | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to become rigid | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to rot / to decay / to become corrupt | HSK 7-9 |
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| | countless changes / constant permutation | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to intensify | HSK 7-9 |
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| | imperceptible influence / to influence secretly | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to water down / to play down / to trivialize / to weaken / to become dull with time / to desalinate / desalination | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to melt / to thaw / to dissolve / to blend into / to combine / to fuse | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (of a person, population or material) to age / (of knowledge) to become outdated | HSK 7-9 |
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| | romanization | |
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| | privatization / to privatize | |
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| | subculture | |
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| | standardization | |
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| | Dihua or Tihwa (old name of Ürümqi 烏魯木齊｜乌鲁木齐) | |
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| | to crack (fractionally distill oil) | |
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| | grade separation (civil engineering) | |
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| | global warming (Taiwan and Hong Kong usage) / written 全球變暖｜全球变暖 in PRC | |
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| | romanization | |
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| | cirrhosis | |
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| | diversification / pluralism / to diversify | |
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| | to oxidize | |
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| | activation | |
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| | to evolve / evolution | |
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| | diversification / to diversify | |
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| | to localize (production) / localization | |
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| | to politicize | |
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| | to personalize / to customize / customization | |
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| | biochemistry | |
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| | aging (population) | |
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| | to automate | |
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| | to melt (of ice, metals etc) | |
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| | to cremate | |
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| | to emulsify | |
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| | to objectify / (literary) to die | |
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| | to make into a fine spray; to atomize / (medicine) nebulizer treatment | |
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| | to be transformed / to metamorphose / transformation / metamorphosis | |
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| | localization / adaptation (to foreign environment) | |
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| | hydrogenation | |
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| | visualization | |
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| | to sinicize / sinicization / (software) Chinese localization | |
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| | neocolonialization | |
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| | to ossify / ossification | |
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| | assimilation (cultural, digestive, phonemic etc) | |
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| | household chemicals (cleaning products etc) and toiletries (abbr. for 日用化學製品｜日用化学制品) / (linguistics) to rhotacize / rhotic | |
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| | to quantify; quantification; quantitative / to quantize; quantization | |
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| | to boil / to vaporize | |
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| | catalysis / to catalyze (a reaction) | |
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| | to petrify / petrochemical industry | |
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| | abbr. for 四個現代化｜四个现代化, Deng Xiaoping's four modernizations | |
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| | to magnetize | |
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| | levitation (of Daoist immortal) / to become as light as a feather and ascend to heaven / (in Daoism) to become immortal / to die / of winged insects, to emerge from the cocoon in adult form / eclosion | |
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| | to purify | |
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| | to solidify; to harden / (fig.) to make permanent; to become fixed | |
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| | to tame / to domesticate | |
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| | to degenerate / atrophy | |
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| | Anhua county in Yiyang 益陽｜益阳, Hunan | |
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| | Eastern and Western culture | |
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| | Zhanghua or Changhua city and county in west Taiwan | |
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| | (literary) Nature; the Creator | |
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| | good luck | |
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| | Xuanhua district of Zhangjiakou city 張家口市｜张家口市, Hebei / Xuanhua county in Zhangjiakou | |
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| | to format | |
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| | weaken / make weaker | |
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| | to vaporize / evaporation / carburetion / 氣｜气 transformation in TCM (i.e. transformation of yin yang vital breath) / unvoicing of voiced consonant | |
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| | to enlighten / to civilize / to indoctrinate / to train (an animal) | |
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| | to calcify / calcification | |
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| | (of a Buddhist monk or Taoist priest) to collect alms | |
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| | old name for district of Hohhot city 呼和浩特, Inner Mongolia | |
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| | naturalization | |
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| | to coke | |
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| | Qijia neolithic culture, centered around the Gansu Corridor 河西走廊 c. 2000 BC | |
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| | polarization | |
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| | to give a more granular level of detail / to elaborate / to refine / to become more differentiated | |
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| | to sharpen | |
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| | Xinhua county in Loudi 婁底｜娄底, Hunan / Hsinhua town in Tainan county 台南縣｜台南县, Taiwan | |
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| | to refine / refining (e.g. oil, chemicals etc) | |
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| | decency / public morals / to weather (rocks) / wind erosion | |
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| | to soften | |
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