| | teacher / gentleman; sir; mister (Mr.) / husband / (dialect) doctor / CL: 位 | HSK 1 |
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| | beforehand; first; earlier / at first; originally / for the time being; for now / (prefix) my late (in referring to deceased relatives older than oneself) | HSK 1 |
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| | sophisticated; advanced (technology etc) / meritorious; exemplary (deeds etc) | HSK 3 |
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| | to lead / to be in front | HSK 3 |
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| | first (of all) / in the first place | HSK 3 |
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| | to take the lead / to show initiative | HSK 4 |
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| | in advance / before the event / beforehand / prior | HSK 4 |
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| | before; previously | HSK 5 |
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| | to have priority; to take precedence | HSK 5 |
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| | early or late; first and last; priority / in succession; one after another | HSK 5 |
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| | originally / original / former | HSK 5 |
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| | vanguard; pioneer; avant-garde | HSK 6 |
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| | beforehand; in advance | HSK 7-9 |
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| | ancestors; forebears / (biology) ancestral species; ancient species from which present-day species evolved | HSK 7-9 |
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| | embryonic period (contrasted with 後天｜后天) / inborn; innate; natural | HSK 7-9 |
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| | precedent | HSK 7-9 |
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| | striving to be first and fearing to be last (idiom); outdoing one another | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (the) very first | |
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| | to rush (to do sth urgent) / to try to be the first / to forestall | |
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| | (literary) my deceased grandfather / (literary) ancestors | |
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| | forerunner | |
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| | the time before a certain date; in advance; beforehand; premature / initial period | |
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| | "Mr Science", phrase used during the May 4th Movement 五四運動｜五四运动 / abbr. for 賽因斯｜赛因斯 / see also 德先生 | |
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| | pioneer; trailblazer | |
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| | to leave first (courteous expression used to excuse oneself) / (euphemism) to predecease; to die first (e.g. before one's spouse) | |
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| | foresight; prescience | |
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| | to pioneer / pioneer; trailblazer | |
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| | lit. first execute the criminal, then report it to the emperor (idiom) / fig. to take some drastic action without the prior approval of higher authorities | |
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| | critical opportunity | |
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| | the quick-footed climb up first (idiom) / the early bird catches the worm / first come, first served | |
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| | my late father / my ancestors / the late emperor | |
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| | to start off before the others; to precede / to proceed in advance | |
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| | (military) advance party | |
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| | predictable / sth one can predict without being a clairvoyant | |
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| | a person of foresight / (religion) a prophet | |
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| | the wise and learned individuals of the past | |
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| | to come first / previous / prior / beforehand / first / formerly | |
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| | at first | |
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| | congenital; intrinsic; innate | |
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| | martyr to the revolution | |
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| | daring vanguard / pioneer / leading figure | |
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| | foresight | |
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| | (idiom) to gain the initiative by striking first; to preempt | |
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| | to gain the upper hand by a show of strength | |
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| | (philosophy) a priori | |
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| | person of foresight | |
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| | | |
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| | to lead the way / guide; forerunner; pioneer | |
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| | a long way in front; to lead by a wide margin | |
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| | emperor of a former dynasty | |
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| | to have a prior engagement | |
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| | (idiom) to take the lead | |
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| | (literary) ancient sage | |
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| | to introduce sb, putting in a good word for them in advance | |
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| | (idiom) strike first to gain the upper hand | |
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| | (idiom) the first impression is the strongest; to hold a preconceived notion (about sth) | |
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| | fortune-teller | |
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| | (idiom) to consider it a pleasure to be among the first to read (or watch or enjoy) | |
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| | an older generation / ancestors; forefathers | |
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| | (dialect) before / in the past / previously | |
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| | the guilty party files the suit / the thief cries thief | |
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| | to compete to be first / to contest first place | |
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| | in order of arrival; first come, first served | |
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| | (computing, inventory management etc) first in, first out | |
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| | lit. the clumsy bird flies early (idiom); fig. to work hard to compensate for one's limited abilities | |
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| | herald; precursor; harbinger | |
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| | lit. the duck is the first to know if the spring water is warm (idiom) / fig. an expert in the field knows which way the wind blows | |
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| | lit. peaceful measures before using force (idiom) / fig. diplomacy before violence; jaw-jaw is better than war-war | |
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| | having foresight / a person of foresight | |
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| | Young Pioneers of China (primary school league, a preparation for Communist Youth League) / abbr. to 少先隊｜少先队 | |
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| | percent (loanword) | |
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| | to take precedence | |
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| | (literary) my late mother | |
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| | pre-Qin, Chinese history up to the foundation of the Qin imperial dynasty in 221 BC | |
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| | former sovereigns | |
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| | issue that needs to be addressed first (before another issue can be resolved) | |
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| | previously / before | |
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| | a precondition; a prerequisite | |
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| | prerequisite; necessary | |
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| | Down syndrome; trisomy 21 | |
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| | ancestor; forefather / sb's late father | |
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| | at first; in the beginning | |
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| | to be the first to worry about affairs of state, and the last to enjoy oneself (quotation from the essay On Yueyang Tower 岳陽樓記｜岳阳楼记 by Song writer Fan Zhongyan 范仲淹 | |
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| | vanguard | |
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| | forebears | |
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| | source; precursor; forerunner | |
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| | preemptive right (in share issue) | |
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| | feng shui master / geomancer / stock figure in folk tales, as a wise adviser or a charlatan | |
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| | chronological | |
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| | (literary) our learned predecessors | |
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| | (literary) my late mother | |
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| | to fight at the head of one's troops / (fig.) to take the lead | |
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| | (usu. of troops) in advance; in the vanguard / previously / in front; placed ahead of others | |
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| | Diocletian (c. 245-311), Roman emperor | |
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| | martyr | |
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| | to age prematurely | |
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| | to suffer from a congenital deficiency; to have an inherent weakness | |
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| | deceased father / my late father | |
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| | Mr Goody-goody / yes-man (sb who agrees with anything) | |
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