| | proof / certificate / identification / testimonial / CL: 個｜个 / to prove / to testify / to confirm the truth of | HSK 3 |
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| | lit. fight minutes, snatch seconds (idiom); a race against time / making every second count | HSK 7-9 |
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| | minister of finance | |
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| | people's government | |
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| | road or railway administration | |
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| | administration / administrative management | |
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| | Hu-Wen New Administration (formed in 2003), ostensibly reform-oriented leadership of Hu Jintao 胡錦濤｜胡锦涛 and Wen Jiabao 溫家寶｜温家宝 | |
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| | Nationalist government (the government of the Republic of China 1925–1948) | |
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| | a hundred flowers bloom, a hundred schools of thought contend (idiom); refers to the classical philosophic schools of the Warring States period 475-221 BC, but adopted for Mao's campaign of 1956 | |
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| | county administration / county regional government | |
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| | Zheng He (1371-1433), famous early Ming dynasty admiral and explorer | |
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| | to work hard for sth / to resolve on improvement / determined not to fall short | HSK 7-9 |
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| | Party and government administration | |
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| | Zhengtong Emperor, reign name of sixth Ming Emperor Zhu Qizhen 朱祁鎮｜朱祁镇 (1427-1464), reigned 1435-1449, temple name Yingzong 英宗 | |
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| | special administrative region (SAR), of which there are two in the PRC: Hong Kong 香港 and Macau 澳門｜澳门 / refers to many different areas during late Qing, foreign occupation, warlord period and Nationalist government / refers to special zones in North Korea and Indonesia | |
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| | democracy (as a system of government) | |
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| | executive order | |
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| | administrative subdivision | |
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| | (of a person) honorable; not devious / (of a behavior) fair and aboveboard; without tricks; openly / (of a situation) out in the open | |
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| | to fight for fame, grab profit (idiom); scrambling for fame and wealth / only interested in personal gain | |
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| | to contend | |
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| | Ministry of the Interior | |
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| | to incarcerate sb for a violation of administrative law, typically for 10 days or less; administrative detention | |
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| | Political and Legal Affairs Commission (may refer to the national-level Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission, responsible for overseeing law enforcement, judicial affairs and domestic security, or a corresponding body at a lower administrative level) | |
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| | to haggle over every ounce (idiom) / to to fuss over minor points / to be particular about sth | |
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| | to replace the current name or title of sth with a new one that reflects its true nature / rectification of names (a tenet of Confucian philosophy) | |
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| | administration / (attributive) administrative; executive | HSK 7-9 |
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| | administrative remedy | |
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| | municipal administration | |
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| | Bureau of Civil Affairs | |
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| | public administration | |
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| | civil administration | |
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| | people's war, military strategy advocated by Mao whereby a large number of ordinary citizens provide support in a campaign | |
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| | identification document / documentary proof | |
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| | administration | |
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| | in a way that justifies the use of the term / genuine / proper / in a way that conforms to logic / justifiable / appropriate / perfectly legitimate | |
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| | to get serious about sth / to pull no punches / to be determined to see sth through | |
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| | administrative report | |
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| | Ming Wuzong, temple name of eleventh Ming emperor Zhengde 正德 | |
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| | seize every minute and second (idiom); not a minute to lose / every moment counts | |
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| | not to be crushed (idiom) / to be determined to have one's revenge | |
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| | Wen Zhengming (1470-1559), Ming painter, one of Four great southern talents of the Ming 江南四大才子 | |
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| | (idiom) to seize every minute; to make the best use of one's time | |
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| | becoming more prosperous with each passing day | |
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| | (of a title, degree etc) illegitimately conferred | |
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| | (idiom) to fight openly and maneuver covertly | |
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| | administrative unit (e.g. province 省, prefecture 地區｜地区 or county 縣｜县) | |
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| | ID card / proof of identity | |
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| | terminal cancer | |
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| | administrative department / administration / executive (government branch) | |
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| | administrative authority / executive power | |
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| | to gather evidence (in a criminal case) | |
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| | Minister of the Interior | |
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| | minister not afraid to give forthright criticism | |
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| | administrator | |
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| | provincial department of civil affairs | |
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| | Ministry of Finance | |
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| | to examine the reliability / reliable / credit reporting | |
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| | Zhang Juzheng (1525-1582), Grand Secretary during the Ming dynasty, credited with bringing the dynasty to its apogee | |
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| | consul (of the Roman Republic) / magistrate (chief administrator) | |
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| | examine sb's political record / political investigation | |
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| | certificate | |
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| | Zhengde Emperor, reign name of eleventh Ming emperor Zhu Houzhao 朱厚照 (1491-1521), reigned 1505-1521, temple name 明武宗 | |
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| | in support or witness hereof (idiom) | |
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| | International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) | |
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| | (Tw) traces / material evidence (archaeology, criminal investigation etc) | |
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| | administrative law | |
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| | minister in charge of the imperial clan | |
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| | Chinese treasure ship, a type of large sailing ship in the fleet of Ming dynasty admiral Zheng He 鄭和｜郑和 | |
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| | probative value / strength of evidence in legal proof / relevance | |
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| | KOMURA Masahiko (1942-), Japanese politician, foreign minister from 1998, minister of defense from 2007 | |
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| | (law) affidavit; deposition | |
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| | to be officially wed | |
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| | Exegesis of the Right Religion by Wang Daiyu 王岱輿｜王岱舆, a study of Islam published during the Ming dynasty | |
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| | British colonial administration of Hong Kong 1837-1941 and 1945-1997 | |
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| | national politics / archaic rank, "Minister of State" / common given name | |
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| | vital signs | |
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| | administrative area | |
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| | administrative division | |
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| | Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA) of the PRC | |
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| | upright and honest | |
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| | a hundred schools of thought contend (idiom); refers to the classical philosophic schools of the Warring States period 475-221 BC | |
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| | administrative district | |
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| | to strive to get sth done while the timing is right | |
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| | Minister of Navy during Qing times | |
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| | examination of the evidence of the opposing party in a court of law | |
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| | CPPCC (Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference) | |
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| | people's democratic dictatorship | |
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| | just and honorable | |
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| | (math.) plus or minus sign; ± | |
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| | to seek out the real nature based on the name (idiom); to judge sth at face value | |
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| | terminal illness / incurable condition (also fig.) | |
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| | Zhu Qizhen, personal name of sixth and eighth Ming emperor Zhengtong 正統｜正统, afterwards Tianshun Emperor 天順｜天顺 (1427-1464), reigned 1435-1449 and 1457-1464 | |
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| | administrative authority / branch of government | |
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| | City Urban Administrative and Law Enforcement Bureau (PRC) | |
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| | Justice Michael Hartmann (1944-), Hong Kong High Court judge | |
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| | abdominal tumor / bowel obstruction / (fig.) sticking point | |
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| | blindness | |
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| | to identify / to verify sb's identity / identification | |
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