| | li, ancient measure of length, approx. 500 m / neighborhood / ancient administrative unit of 25 families / (Tw) borough, administrative unit between the township 鎮｜镇 and neighborhood 鄰｜邻 levels | HSK 1 |
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| | letter / symbol / character / word / CL: 個｜个 / courtesy or style name traditionally given to males aged 20 in dynastic China | HSK 1 |
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| | (third-person singular) (since the early 20th century, usu. male) he; him; his / (bound form) other; another; some other (as in 他日 and 他人) | HSK 1 |
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| | two / both / some / a few / tael, unit of weight equal to 50 grams (modern) or 1⁄16 of a catty 斤 (old) | HSK 1 |
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| | hair / feather / down / wool / mildew / mold / coarse or semifinished / young / raw / careless / unthinking / nervous / scared / (of currency) to devalue or depreciate / classifier for Chinese fractional monetary unit ( = 角 , = one-tenth of a yuan or 10 fen 分) | HSK 1 |
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| | meat / flesh / pulp (of a fruit) / (coll.) (of a fruit) squashy / (of a person) flabby / irresolute / Kangxi radical 130 | HSK 1 |
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| | ten / 10 | HSK 1 |
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| | angle / corner / horn / horn-shaped / unit of money equal to 0.1 yuan, or 10 cents (a dime) / CL: 個｜个 | HSK 2 |
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| | 100 million | HSK 2 |
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| | catty / (PRC) weight equal to 500 g / (Tw) weight equal to 600 g / (HK, Malaysia, Singapore) slightly over 604 g | HSK 2 |
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| | quilt / to cover (with) / (literary) to suffer (a misfortune) / used to indicate passive voice (placed before the doer of the action like "by" in English passive-voice sentences, or, if the doer is not mentioned, before the verb) / (since c. 2009) (sarcastic or jocular) used to indicate that the following word should be regarded as being in air quotes (as in 被旅遊｜被旅游 to "go on a trip") | HSK 3 |
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| | to draw (e.g. a bow) / to pull / to stretch sth / to extend / to lengthen / to involve or implicate in / to attract / to lead / to guide / to leave / to provide evidence or justification for / old unit of distance equal to 10 丈, one-thirtieth of a km or 33.33 meters | HSK 4 |
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| | second of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干 / second in order / letter "B" or Roman "II" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc / second party (in legal contract, usually 乙方, as opposed to 甲方) / ethyl / bent / winding / radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 5) / ancient Chinese compass point: 105° | HSK 5 |
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| | clown / 2nd earthly branch: 1-3 a.m., 12th solar month (6th January to 3rd February), year of the Ox / ancient Chinese compass point: 30° | HSK 5 |
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| | a string of 100 cash (arch.) / to lament / to condole with / variant of 吊 | HSK 6 |
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| | not yet / did not / have not / not / 8th earthly branch: 1-3 p.m., 6th solar month (7th July-6th August), year of the Sheep / ancient Chinese compass point: 210° | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to count backwards (from 10 down to 0) / to count down / from the bottom (lines on a page) / from the back (rows of seats) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | male adult / the 4th of the 10 Heavenly Stems 天干 / fourth (used like "4" or "D") / small cube of meat or vegetable / (literary) to encounter / (archaic) ancient Chinese compass point: 195° / (chemistry) butyl | HSK 7-9 |
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| | moist; glossy; sleek / to moisten; to lubricate / to embellish; to enhance / profit; remuneration / (neologism c. 2021) (slang) (loanword from "run") to emigrate (in order to flee adverse conditions) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | starch; amylum (C6H10O5)n | HSK 7-9 |
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| | bird's nest / nickname for Beijing 2008 Olympic stadium | HSK 7-9 |
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| | paper money / a bill (e.g. 100 yuan) / CL: 張｜张, 紮｜扎 | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to reform and open to the outside world / refers to Deng Xiaoping's policies from around 1980 | HSK 7-9 |
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| | picul (100 catties, 50 kg) / two buckets full / carrying pole and its load / classifier for loads carried on a shoulder pole | HSK 7-9 |
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| | Alai (1959-), ethnic Tibetan Chinese writer, awarded Mao Dun Literature Prize in 2000 for his novel 塵埃落定｜尘埃落定 "Red Poppies" | |
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| | (neologism, c. 2015) (coll.) most prominent position (e.g. in a group photo of entertainers) (loanword from "carry" or "center" or "core") | |
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| | Didi Chuxing Technology Co., aka DiDi, app-based transportation company, headquartered in Beijing, founded in 2012 | |
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| | Shennong or Farmer God (c. 2000 BC), first of the legendary Flame Emperors, 炎帝 and creator of agriculture | |
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| | acenaphthene (C12H10) | |
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| | thirty-fifth year E11 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1958 or 2018 | |
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| | twenty; 20 | |
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| | Trip.com Group, largest travel agency in China, formerly named Ctrip (until 2019) | |
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| | 30 catties / great / your (honorific) | |
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| | Ko Wen-je (1959-), Taiwanese independent politician, Mayor of Taipei City from 2014 | |
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| | Longkan Shoujian, Chinese character dictionary from 997 AD containing 26,430 entries, with radicals placed into 240 rhyme groups and arranged according to the four tones, and the rest of the characters similarly arranged under each radical | |
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| | (coll.) (neologism c. 2006) to raise money then misappropriate it | |
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| | (Tw) (neologism c. 2007) information presented in easily assimilable form (digest, summary, infographic etc) | |
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| | step with the left foot (Kangxi radical 60) / see also 彳亍 | |
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| | Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong 羅貫中｜罗贯中, one of the Four Classic Novels of Chinese literature, a fictional account of the Three Kingdoms at the break-up of the Han around 200 AD, portraying Liu Bei's 劉備｜刘备 Shu Han 蜀漢｜蜀汉 as heroes and Cao Cao's 曹操 Wei 魏 as villains | |
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| | Fahrenheit, Taiwan pop group, from 2005 | |
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| | the Xia or Hsia dynasty c. 2000 BC / Xia of the Sixteen Kingdoms (407–432) / surname Xia | |
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| | Qi son of Yu the Great 禹, reported founder of the Xia Dynasty 夏朝 (c. 2070-c. 1600 BC) | |
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| | the factorial of a number, e.g. 5! = 5.4.3.2.1 = 120 | |
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| | (neologism c. 2011) to deride a group of people / (of a group of people) to deride (sb) | |
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| | ancient unit of volume (half a 合, equivalent to 50ml) / ancient flute | |
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| | Xu Zhonglin or Chen Zhonglin 陳仲琳｜陈仲琳 (c. 1567-c. 1620), Ming novelist, to whom the fantasy novel Investiture of the Gods 封神演義｜封神演义 is attributed, together with Lu Xixing 陸西星｜陆西星 | |
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| | Resist US, help North Korea (1950s slogan) | |
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| | Sun Tzu, also known as Sun Wu 孫武｜孙武 (c. 500 BC, dates of birth and death uncertain), general, strategist and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period (700-475 BC), believed to be the author of the “Art of War” 孫子兵法｜孙子兵法, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書｜武经七书 | |
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| | to lie stretched out / (neologism c. 2021) to opt out of the rat race | |
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| | son / child / seed / egg / small thing / 1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight, 11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the rat / viscount, fourth of five orders of nobility 五等爵位 / ancient Chinese compass point: 0° (north) / subsidiary; subordinate; (prefix) sub- | |
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| | Chen Sheng (died 208 BC), Qin dynasty rebel, leader of the Chen Sheng Wu Guang Uprising 陳勝吳廣起義｜陈胜吴广起义 | |
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| | Uber, app-based taxi company founded in 2009 | |
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| | Hao Haidong (1970-), former Chinese soccer player | |
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| | to flee to Hong Kong / exodus to Hong Kong (from mainland China, 1950s-1970s) / to flee Hong Kong / exodus from Hong Kong (from 2020) | |
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| | surname Chen / Chen (c. 1045 – 479 BC), a Zhou dynasty state / Chen (557–589), one of the Southern Dynasties 南朝 | |
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| | The White Haired Girl (1950), one of the first PRC films | |
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| | Joey Yung (1980-), Hong Kong pop singer and actress | |
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| | intellectual property (in China, esp. since 2015, often used as an entertainment industry term for a creative work used as the basis of a new product, such as a manga adapted as a tv series, or the image of a cartoon character appearing on merchandise) | |
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| | Emperor Xian of Han (181-234), the final Han emperor, set up by Dong Zhuo 董卓, reigned 189-220, forced to abdicate 220 by Cao Pi 曹丕 | |
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| | Yugoslavia (former country that existed in various forms from 1918 to 2003) | |
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| | surname Cheng / Cheng (c. 2000 BC), third of the legendary Flame Emperors 炎帝 descended from Shennong 神農｜神农 Farmer God | |
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| | eight year H8 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1991 or 2051 | |
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| | Han ethnic group / Chinese (language) / the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) | |
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| | to return to old ways (a Confucian aspiration) / to turn back the clock / neoclassical school during Tang and Song associated with classical writing 古文 / retro (fashion style based on nostalgia, esp. for 1960s) | |
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| | mirabilite (Na2SO4x10H2O) / Glauber's salt | |
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| | Great Sichuan Earthquake (2008) | |
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| | chain / cable (unit of length: 100 fathoms, about 185 m) / chain (unit of length: 66 feet, about 20 m) / to chain / to enchain | |
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| | Pinduoduo, social e-commerce company founded in 2015 | |
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| | (neologism c. 2019) to exert control over (sb) by means of psychological manipulation (e.g. negging) / a person who does so (loanword from "pickup artist") | |
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| | Pi County, established during the Qin dynasty after the conquest of the ancient Shu Kingdom, historically known for its cultural heritage, strategic location, and culinary contributions, administratively reorganized in 2016 as Pidu District 郫都區｜郫都区, a suburban district of Chengdu, Sichuan | |
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| | sixty / 60 | |
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| | Holbrook (name) / Richard C.A. Holbrooke (1941-2010), US diplomat, influential in brokering 1995 Dayton Bosnian peace deal, US special envoy to Afghanistan and Pakistan from 2009 | |
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| | spoof (web-based genre in PRC, acquiring cult status from 2005, involving humorous, satirical or fantastical videos, photo collections, texts, poems etc) | |
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| | Helmut Kohl (1930-), German CDU politician, Chancellor 1982-1998 | |
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| | Biden (name) / Joe Biden (1942-), US president (2021-), vice-president 2009-2017 | |
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| | Li Chaowei (c. 766-c. 820), Tang writer of fantasy fiction 傳奇｜传奇, author of 柳毅傳｜柳毅传 | |
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| | surname Zhi / Zhi (c. 2000 BC), fifth of the legendary Flame Emperors 炎帝 descended from Shennong 神農｜神农 Farmer God | |
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| | Xiaomi, Chinese electronics company founded in 2010 | |
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| | Emperor Taizu of Song, posthumous title of the founding Song emperor Zhao Kuangyin 趙匡胤｜赵匡胤 (927-976), reigned from 960 | |
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| | lit. black brick kiln / factories that acquired notoriety in 2007 for slave labor | |
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| | Treaty of Lhasa (1904) between British empire and Tibet | |
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| | Edison Chen (1980-), Hong Kong singer and actor | |
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| | to extend / to state / to explain / 9th earthly branch: 3-5 p.m., 7th solar month (7th August-7th September), year of the Monkey / ancient Chinese compass point: 240° | |
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| | twenty-third year C11 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 2006 or 2066 | |
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| | small figure / small amount / the part of a number to the right of the decimal point (or radix point) / fractional part of a number / number between 0 and 1 / decimal fraction | |
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| | Laozi or Lao-tze (c. 500 BC), Chinese philosopher, the founder of Taoism / the sacred book of Daoism, 道德經｜道德经 by Laozi | |
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| | standard pronunciation / standard tone (e.g. A = 440 Hz) | |
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| | glamping (neologism c. 2019) | |
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| | 100 ml / one-tenth of a peck / measure for dry grain equal to one-tenth of sheng 升 or liter, or one-hundredth dou 斗 | |
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| | top 100 (e.g. top 100 towns) | |
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| | the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) | |
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| | Daoist School of the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), based on the teachings of Laozi or Lao-tze 老子 (c. 500 BC-) and Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子 (369-286 BC) | |
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| | ancient cooking cauldron with two looped handles and three or four legs / pot (dialect) / to enter upon a period of (classical) / Kangxi radical 206 / one of the 64 hexagrams of the Book of Changes | |
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| | 5th earthly branch: 7-9 a.m., 3rd solar month (5th April-4th May), year of the Dragon / ancient Chinese compass point: 120° | |
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| | fifty-seventh year G9 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1980 or 2040 | |
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| | Imperial Readings of the Taiping Era, general Song dynasty encyclopedia compiled during 977-983 under Li Fang 李昉, 1000 scrolls | |
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| | Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) / surname Ming / Ming (c. 2000 BC), fourth of the legendary Flame Emperors, 炎帝 descended from Shennong 神農｜神农 Farmer God | |
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| | Lüshun port, on the tip of the Liaoning peninsula / called Port Arthur during Russian occupation and Russian-Japanese war of 1905 / in Lüshunkou district of Dalian 大連｜大连, Liaoning | |
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| | thirtieth year J6 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 2013 or 2073 | |
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| | Fuwa (official 2008 Olympic mascots) | |
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