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| | Japan / Japanese | |
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| | mainland China (PRC excluding Hong Kong and Macau, but including islands such as Hainan) / Japan (used in Taiwan during Japanese colonization) | |
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| | division of China during earliest dynasties / fig. ancient China / Kyūshū, southernmost of Japan's four major islands | |
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| | a plain / ping, unit of area equal to approx. 3.3058 square meters (used in Japan and Taiwan) | |
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| | Tokyo, capital of Japan / Tonkin (northern Vietnam during the French colonial period) | |
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| | China-Japan | |
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| | war of resistance, especially the war against Japan (1937-1945) | |
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| | (China's) War of Resistance against Japan (1937-1945) | |
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| | Ōsaka, a city and prefecture in Japan | |
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| | to resist Japan (esp. during WW2) / anti-Japanese (esp. wartime activities) | |
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| | Kyoto, Japan | |
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| | Songshan or Sungshan district of Taipei City 臺北市|台北市, Taiwan / Matsuyama, city in Japan | |
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| | New Armies (modernized Qing armies, trained and equipped according to Western standards, founded after Japan's victory in the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895) | |
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| | prime minister (of Japan or UK etc) | |
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| | Kansai region, Japan / Guanxi or Kuanhsi town in Hsinchu County 新竹縣|新竹县, northwest Taiwan | |
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| | island nation (sometimes refers specifically to Japan) | |
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| | Yamaguchi (Japanese surname and place name) / Yamaguchi prefecture in southwest of Japan's main island Honshū 本州 | |
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| | Senkaku Islands (administered by Japan as part of Okinawa prefecture) / Diaoyu Islands / Pinnacle Islands | |
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| | Northeastern University (in Shenyang 瀋陽市|沈阳市, Liaoning) / Tōhoku University, Sendai, Japan | |
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| | Hokkaidō, Japan | |
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| | Northeast China / Manchuria / lit. east of Shanhai Pass 山海關|山海关 / Kantō region of Japan | |
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| | Hiroshima, Japan | |
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| | Yokohama, Japan | |
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| | Japan-China | |
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| | enoki mushroom (Flammulina velutipes, Japanese えのき 茸 enokitake), used in cuisines of Japan, Korea and China, cultivated to be long, thin and white / abbr. to 金菇 | |
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| | Okinawa, Japan | |
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| | emperor / emperor of Japan | |
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| | Fukuoka, city in Kyushyu, Japan | |
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| | Shikoku (one of the four main islands of Japan) | |
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| | Nagoya, city in Japan | |
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| | to invade China (referring to 19th century imperialist powers and Japan) | |
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| | China, Japan and Korea | |
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| | Nagasaki, Japan | |
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| | Japan (old) / East Asian countries | |
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| | Sapporo, Japan | |
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| | Diaoyu or Senkaku Islands between Taiwan and Okinawa (administered by Japan), also known as the Pinnacle Islands | |
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| | raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) / raccoon of North China, Korea and Japan (Japanese: tanuki) / also pr. [hao2] | |
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| | Tsushima Island, between Japan and South Korea | |
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| | (policy etc) towards Japan | |
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| | Kangshan town in Kaohsiung county 高雄縣|高雄县, southwest Taiwan / Okayama prefecture in southwest of Japan's main island Honshū 本州 | |
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| | Korea and Japan | |
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| | Sendai, city in northeast Japan | |
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| | Sendai, capital of Miyagi prefecture 宮城縣|宫城县 in northeast Japan | |
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| | Showa, reign name of Emperor Hirohito of Japan 1925-1989 | |
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| | Tokyo University, Japan | |
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| | Nara, an old capital of Japan | |
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| | Naruhito (1960-), crown prince of Japan | |
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| | Kanagawa, Japan | |
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| | Okinawa prefecture, Japan | |
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| | Hakodate, main port of south Hokkaidō 北海道, Japan | |
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| | Tokugawa, the ruling clan of Japan from 1550-1850 | |
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| | Japan-US | |
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| | East China Sea / Japan | |
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| | nattō, a type of fermented soybean, popular as a breakfast food in Japan | |
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| | Yamagata prefecture in north of Japan's main island Honshū 本州 | |
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| | Matsushima (name) / Matsushima town and national park in Miyagi prefecture, Japan | |
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| | (orig.) tents forming the offices of a commanding officer / administration of a military government / (medieval Japan) "bakufu", administration of the shogun | |
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| | Saitama (city and prefecture in Japan) | |
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| | Emperor of Japan | |
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| | Pacific War between Japan and the US, 1941-1945 | |
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| | Ama-no-hashidate in north of Kyōto prefecture 京都府 on the Sea of Japan | |
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| | raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) / raccoon of North China, Korea and Japan (Japanese: tanuki) / also called 狸 | |
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| | Nagano (name) / Nagano city and prefecture in central Japan | |
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| | Miyagi prefecture in north of Japan's main island Honshū 本州 | |
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| | matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake), edible mushroom considered a great delicacy in Japan | |
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| | Kanagawa prefecture, Japan | |
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| | Satsuma, the name of a former feudal domain in Japan, and of a former province, a battleship, a district, a peninsula etc | |
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| | Himeji city in Hyōgo prefecture 兵庫縣|兵库县, Japan | |
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| | Aichi prefecture, central Japan | |
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| | Ryūkyū / refers to the Ryūkyū Islands 琉球群島|琉球群岛 stretching from Japan to Taiwan / Liuchiu township in Pingtung County 屏東縣|屏东县, Taiwan | |
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| | to abandon the old (Asian) ways and learn from Europe / refers to the ideas that led to the Meiji Restoration and Japan's subsequent colonization projects in Asia | |
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| | Hyōgo prefecture in the midwest of Japan's main island Honshū 本州 | |
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| | Kamakura city in Kanagawa prefecture 神奈川縣|神奈川县, Japan | |
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| | Aomori prefecture at the far north of Japan's main island Honshū 本州 | |
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| | Fusang, mythical island of ancient literature, often interpreted as Japan | |
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| | Himeji-jō, castle complex in Himeji, Hyōgo prefecture 兵庫縣|兵库县, Japan | |
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| | Hamamatsu, city in Shizuoka prefecture 靜岡縣|静冈县, Japan | |
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| | foreign ministry (e.g. of Japan or Korea) | |
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| | Japan Airlines (JAL) | |
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| | Akihito, Emperor of Japan (reigned from 1989 under the reign name Heisei 平成) | |
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| | Aichi (prefecture in Japan) | |
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| | Fukushima prefecture in north Japan | |
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| | Chiba prefecture, Japan | |
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| | the Three Worlds (as proposed by Mao Zedong), i.e. the superpowers (USA and USSR), other wealthy countries (UK, France, Japan etc), and the developing countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America | |
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| | Hyōgo prefecture in the midwest of Japan's main island Honshū 本州 | |
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| | Nihonshoki or Chronicles of Japan (c. 720) book of mythology and history | |
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| | US-Japan | |
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| | Yamaguchi prefecture in southwest of Japan's main island Honshū 本州 | |
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| | Kyōto prefecture in central Japan | |
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| | Japan Airlines (JAL) / abbr. for 日本航空 | |
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| | Asakusa, district of Tokyo with an atmosphere of old Japan, famous for the 7th century Buddhist temple, Sensō-ji | |
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| | Hamamatsu, city in Shizuoka prefecture 靜岡縣|静冈县, Japan | |
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| | Niigata, a city and prefecture in Japan | |
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| | Shizuoka prefecture southwest of Tokyo, Japan | |
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| | children's game played with illustrated cards / pogs / menko (Japan) | |
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| | Nagano prefecture, Japan | |
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| | Miyazaki prefecture in east Kyūshū 九州, Japan | |
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| | Shiga prefecture in central Japan | |
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| | Ainu (ethnic group of Japan's north and Russia's east) | |
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