| | motherland | HSK 6 |
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| | father's mother / paternal grandmother | HSK 6 |
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| | father's father / paternal grandfather | HSK 6 |
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| | ancestors; forebears / (biology) ancestral species; ancient species from which present-day species evolved | HSK 7-9 |
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| | ancestor / forebear | HSK 7-9 |
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| | ancestral hometown / original domicile (and civil registration) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | passed on from ancestors / handed down from generation to generation | HSK 7-9 |
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| | Matsu, name of a sea goddess still widely worshipped on the SE China coast and in SE Asia | |
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| | founder (of a craft, religious sect etc) | |
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| | (literary) my deceased grandfather / (literary) ancestors | |
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| | Matsu Islands off Fujian, administered by Taiwan | |
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| | Liu Bang (256 or 247-195 BC), bandit leader who became first Han emperor Han Gaozu 漢高祖｜汉高祖 (reigned 202-195 BC) | |
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| | founder (of a craft, religious sect etc) | |
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| | ancestral tomb | |
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| | Tin Hau, Empress of Heaven, another name for the goddess Matsu 媽祖｜妈祖 / Tin Hau (Hong Kong area around the MTR station with same name) | |
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| | the earliest ancestor / originator (of a tradition, school of thought etc) | |
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| | father's father's father / paternal great-grandfather | |
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| | Peng Zu (legendary figure of Taoism who lived 800 years) | |
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| | posthumous name of the first Han emperor Liu Bang 劉邦｜刘邦 (256 or 247-195 BC), reigned 202-195 BC | |
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| | founder | |
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| | founding master of a monastery / founder / originator | |
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| | Yongle Emperor, reign name of third Ming emperor Zhu Di 朱棣 (1360-1424), reigned 1403-1424, temple name 明成祖 | |
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| | to recount history but omit one's ancestors (idiom); to forget one's roots | |
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| | Li Yuan, personal name of first Tang emperor Gaozu 唐高祖 (566-635), reigned 618-626 | |
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| | Lianjiang, a county in Fuzhou City 福州市, Fujian / Lienchiang County, the official name of the Matsu Islands 馬祖列島｜马祖列岛, a county of the ROC (based in Taiwan) | |
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| | father's father's mother / paternal great-grandmother | |
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| | emerald | |
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| | Buddha / founder of a buddhist sect | |
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| | posthumous title of Genghis Khan 成吉思汗 (1162-1227) | |
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| | ancestors / forefathers / ancestry | |
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| | Jeonjo (1752-1800), 22nd king of Korean Joseon dynasty | |
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| | Ming Taizu, temple name of first Ming emperor Hongwu 洪武 | |
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| | Joey Wong (1967-), Taiwanese actress | |
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| | Lianjiang, a county in Fuzhou City 福州市, Fujian / Lienchiang County, the official name of the Matsu Islands 馬祖列島｜马祖列岛, a county of the ROC (based in Taiwan) | |
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| | Kangxi, title of the reign (1661-1722) of the Kangxi Emperor 聖祖｜圣祖 | |
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| | Zulu | |
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| | to offer sacrifices to one's ancestors | |
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| | atavism (biology) | |
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| | Emperor Taizu of Song, posthumous title of the founding Song emperor Zhao Kuangyin 趙匡胤｜赵匡胤 (927-976), reigned from 960 | |
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| | Archaeopteryx | |
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| | a remote ancestor | |
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| | mother's mother / maternal grandmother | |
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| | for generations / from generation to generation | |
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| | Emperor Gaozu of Tang, reign name of first Tang emperor Li Yuan 李淵｜李渊 (566-635), reigned 618-626 | |
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| | lit. progenitor of the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368), title of Khubilai Khan (1215-1294), first Yuan dynasty emperor, reigned 1260-1294 | |
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| | a mechanical compass invented by Zu Chongzhi 祖沖之｜祖冲之 | |
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| | primogenitor / founder of a school or trade | |
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| | (polite) my paternal grandfather | |
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| | Ming Chengzu, temple name of third Ming Emperor Yongle 永樂｜永乐 | |
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| | copious / plentiful (of water) / surging (of waves) / refers to home village of first Han emperor 漢高祖｜汉高祖 / fig. majestic | |
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| | Zhu Wen (852-912), military governor 節度使｜节度使 at the end of Tang, founder of Later Liang of the Five Dynasties (907-923), also known as Emperor Taizu of Later Liang 後梁太祖｜后梁太祖 | |
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| | wife of paternal grandfather's younger brother | |
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| | Hongwu Emperor, also written Hung-wu Ti, reign name of first Ming emperor Zhu Yuanzhang 朱元璋 (1328-1398), reigned 1386-1398, temple name 明太祖 | |
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| | the 5th century Chinese calendar established by Zu Chongzhi 祖沖之｜祖冲之 | |
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| | Great Ancestor (posthumous title, e.g. for the founder of a dynasty) | |
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| | to dismiss military hierarchy using wine cups / cf Song founding Emperor Song Taizu 宋太祖 holds a banquet in 961 and persuades his senior army commanders to go home to their provinces | |
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| | to bring honor to one's ancestors (idiom) / also written 光宗耀祖 | |
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| | great-great-grandmother | |
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| | | |
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| | Zhao Kuangyin, personal name of founding Song emperor Song Taizu 宋太祖 (927-976) | |
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| | The Peony Pavilion (1598), play by Tang Xianzu 湯顯祖｜汤显祖 | |
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| | Zheng Guangzu, Yuan dynasty dramatist in the 雜劇｜杂剧 tradition of musical comedy, one of the Four Great Yuan dramatists 元曲四大家 | |
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| | ancestors (old) | |
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| | great-grandfather (father of one's paternal grandfather) | |
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| | many generations of ancestors | |
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| | Shengzu, temple name of the second Qing emperor, known as the Kangxi Emperor (1654-1722) / cf. 康熙 | |
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| | divine ancester / patron saint | |
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| | to bring honor to one's ancestors | |
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| | former residence / one's original home | |
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| | maternal grandfather (i.e. mother's father) | |
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| | grandfather's younger brother | |
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| | ancestral tomb | |
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| | great-grandparents | |
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| | paternal grandparents | |
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| | Godhead | |
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| | movement to restore the fatherland | |
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| | great-great-grandfather | |
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| | Wuzuquan - "Five Ancestors" - Martial Art | |
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| | brat / little devil | |
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| | shrine dedicated to one's ancestors | |
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| | Matsu Islands | |
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| | father's father's brother's wife / great aunt | |
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| | father's father's brother / great uncle | |
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| | to defend one's country | |
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| | vuvuzela (horn) (loanword) | |
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| | vuvuzela (horn blown by sports fans) | |
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| | flamingo lily (Anthurium andraeanum) | |
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| | Song Zuying (1966-), Chinese folk music singer | |
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| | Joey Yung (1980-), Hong Kong pop singer and actress | |
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| | bazooka (loanword) | |
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| | great-grandmother (mother's grandmother) | |
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| | great-grandfather (mother's grandfather) | |
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| | Li Jiancheng (589-626), eldest son of first Tang emperor Li Yuan 唐高祖李淵｜唐高祖李渊, murdered by his brother 李世民 in the Xuanwu Gate coup 玄武門之變｜玄武门之变 / Professor Li Jiancheng (1964-), geophysicist and specialist in satellite geodesy | |
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| | Sha Zukang (1947-), Chinese diplomat | |
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| | posthumous title of Nurhaci 努爾哈赤｜努尔哈赤 (1559-1626), founder and first Khan of the Manchu Later Jin dynasty 後金｜后金 (from 1616) | |
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| | Tang Xianzu (1550-1616), Ming poet and dramatist, author of The Peony Pavilion 牡丹亭 | |
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| | direct ancestor | |
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| | surname Zu | |
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| | ancestor / forefather / grandparents | |
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| | Committee for Peaceful Reunification of the Fatherland (North Korean) | |
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