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Traditional Pīnyīn		English Definition	Simplified HSK
龍 lóng	龍 \| 龍* \| *龍	Chinese dragon; loong / (fig.) emperor / dragon / (bound form) dinosaur	龙 HSK 3


行人 xíngrén	行人 \| 行人* \| *行人	pedestrian / traveler on foot / passer-by / official responsible for arranging audiences with the emperor	HSK 2


朝 cháo	朝 \| 朝* \| *朝	imperial or royal court / government / dynasty / reign of a sovereign or emperor / court or assembly held by a sovereign or emperor / to make a pilgrimage to / facing / towards	HSK 3


王者 wángzhě	王者 \| 王者* \| *王者	king; emperor / (fig.) the best; champion


皇帝 huángdì	皇帝 \| 皇帝* \| *皇帝	emperor / CL: 個｜个	HSK 6


上貢 shànggòng	上貢 \| 上貢* \| *上貢	to present tribute (to a suzerain, the emperor etc)	上贡


上奏 shàngzòu	上奏 \| 上奏* \| *上奏	(historical) to submit a memorial to the throne; to make a formal submission to the emperor


賓天 bīntiān	賓天 \| 賓天* \| *賓天	(euphemism) (of an emperor or other highly respected person) to pass away	宾天


龍種 lóngzhǒng	龍種 \| 龍種* \| *龍種	emperor's offspring	龙种


乾隆 Qiánlóng	乾隆 \| 乾隆* \| *乾隆	the Qianlong era / Qianlong Emperor (1711–1799), sixth Qing emperor, princely title 寶親王｜宝亲王, personal name 弘曆｜弘历, reigned 1735–1799


宮廷 gōngtíng	宮廷 \| 宮廷* \| *宮廷	court (of king or emperor)	宫廷 HSK 7-9


釐 Lí	釐 \| 釐* \| *釐	Li (c. 2000 BC), sixth of the legendary Flame Emperors 炎帝 descended from Shennong 神農｜神农 Farmer God, also known as Ai 哀	厘


父皇 fùhuáng	父皇 \| 父皇* \| *父皇	(historical) term used by an emperor's son or daughter to address him


帝師 dìshī	帝師 \| 帝師* \| *帝師	(historical) emperor's tutor; (Yuan dynasty) imperial preceptor (high-ranking official title held by Tibetan Buddhism leaders)	帝师


母后 mǔhòu	母后 \| 母后* \| *母后	(historical) form of address used by an emperor or imperial children for their mother (the empress or the empress dowager) / (historical) the empress dowager (as a title or form of reference)


光緒帝 Guāngxùdì	光緒帝 \| 光緒帝* \| *光緒帝	Guangxu Emperor	光绪帝


劉禪 Liú Shàn	劉禪 \| 劉禪* \| *劉禪	Liu Shan (207-271), son of Liu Bei, reigned as Shu Han emperor 233-263 / Taiwan pr. [Liu2 Chan2]	刘禅


奏 zòu	奏 \| 奏* \| *奏	to play music / to achieve / to present a memorial to the emperor (old)	HSK 6


明太祖 Míng Tàizǔ	明太祖 \| 明太祖* \| *明太祖	Ming Taizu, temple name of first Ming emperor Hongwu 洪武


朱溫 Zhū Wēn	朱溫 \| 朱溫* \| *朱溫	Zhu Wen (852-912), military governor 節度使｜节度使 at the end of Tang, founder of Later Liang of the Five Dynasties (907-923), also known as Emperor Taizu of Later Liang 後梁太祖｜后梁太祖	朱温


皇位 huángwèi	皇位 \| 皇位* \| *皇位	the title of Emperor


順治 Shùnzhì	順治 \| 順治* \| *順治	reign name of second Qing emperor (1644-1662)	顺治


崩 bēng	崩 \| 崩* \| *崩	to collapse / to fall into ruins / death of king or emperor / demise


朱元璋 Zhū Yuánzhāng	朱元璋 \| 朱元璋* \| *朱元璋	Zhu Yuanzhang, personal name of first Ming dynasty emperor Hongwu 洪武


秦 Qín	秦 \| 秦* \| *秦	surname Qin / Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) of the first emperor 秦始皇 / short name for 陝西｜陕西


神農 Shénnóng	神農 \| 神農* \| *神農	Shennong or Farmer God (c. 2000 BC), first of the legendary Flame Emperors, 炎帝 and creator of agriculture	神农


轉輪聖帝 zhuǎnlúnshèngdì	轉輪聖帝 \| 轉輪聖帝* \| *轉輪聖帝	chakravarti raja (emperor in Hindu mythology)	转轮圣帝


捨得一身剮，敢把皇帝拉下馬 shědeyīshēnguǎ, gǎnbǎhuángdìlāxiàmǎ	捨得…下馬 \| 捨得…下馬* \| *捨得…下馬	one who does not fear the death of thousand cuts will dare to unhorse the emperor (proverb) / to a fearless person, no fence is high enough	舍得一身剐，敢把皇帝拉下马


帝 dì	帝 \| 帝* \| *帝	(bound form) emperor; sovereign; supreme deity


直 Zhí	直 \| 直* \| *直	surname Zhi / Zhi (c. 2000 BC), fifth of the legendary Flame Emperors 炎帝 descended from Shennong 神農｜神农 Farmer God


聖 shèng	聖 \| 聖* \| *聖	(bound form) peerless (in wisdom, moral virtue, skill etc) / (bound form) peerless individual; paragon (sage, saint, emperor, master of a skill etc) / (bound form) holy; sacred	圣


帝企鵝 dìqǐ'é	帝企鵝 \| 帝企鵝* \| *帝企鵝	emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri)	帝企鹅


驪山 Líshān	驪山 \| 驪山* \| *驪山	Mt Li near Xi'an with the tomb of the First Emperor	骊山


皇上 huángshang	皇上 \| 皇上* \| *皇上	the emperor / Your majesty the emperor / His imperial majesty	HSK 7-9


明 Míng	明 \| 明* \| *明	Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) / surname Ming / Ming (c. 2000 BC), fourth of the legendary Flame Emperors, 炎帝 descended from Shennong 神農｜神农 Farmer God


令和 Lìnghé	令和 \| 令和* \| *令和	Reiwa, Japanese era name, corresponding to the reign (2019-) of emperor Naruhito 德仁


小皇帝 xiǎohuángdì	小皇帝 \| 小皇帝* \| *小皇帝	child emperor / (fig.) spoiled child / spoiled boy / pampered only child


曹操 Cáo Cāo	曹操 \| 曹操* \| *曹操	Cao Cao (155-220), famous statesman and general at the end of Han, noted poet and calligrapher, later warlord, founder and first king of Cao Wei 曹魏, father of Emperor Cao Pi 曹丕 / the main villain of novel the Romance of Three Kingdoms 三國演義｜三国演义


伏羲 Fúxī	伏羲 \| 伏羲* \| *伏羲	Fuxi, legendary Chinese emperor, trad. 2852–2738 BC, mythical creator of fishing, trapping and writing


錦衣衛 Jǐnyīwèi	錦衣衛 \| 錦衣衛* \| *錦衣衛	Brocade Uniform Guard, imperial bodyguard and secret police force of the Ming emperors	锦衣卫


天皇 Tiānhuáng	天皇 \| 天皇* \| *天皇	Heavenly Sovereign, one of the three legendary sovereigns 三皇 / emperor / emperor of Japan


光緒 Guāngxù	光緒 \| 光緒* \| *光緒	reign name of penultimate Qing emperor Guangxu or Guang-hsu (1875-1908)	光绪


唐太宗 Táng Tàizōng	唐太宗 \| 唐太宗* \| *唐太宗	Emperor Taizong of Tang, reign name of second Tang emperor Li Shimin 李世民 (599-649), reigned 626-649


玉皇大帝 Yùhuáng Dàdì	玉皇大帝 \| 玉皇大帝* \| *玉皇大帝	Jade Emperor


玉皇 Yùhuáng	玉皇 \| 玉皇* \| *玉皇	Jade Emperor (in Taoism)


乾陵 Qiánlíng	乾陵 \| 乾陵* \| *乾陵	Qianling at Xianyang 咸陽市｜咸阳市 in Shaanxi, burial site of third Tang emperor 高宗 and empress Wuzetian 武則天｜武则天


內經 Nèijīng	內經 \| 內經* \| *內經	abbr. for 黃帝內經｜黄帝内经, The Yellow Emperor's Internal Canon, medical text c. 300 BC	内经


康熙 Kāngxī	康熙 \| 康熙* \| *康熙	Kangxi, reign title (1662–1722) of the Kangxi Emperor 聖祖｜圣祖 / the Kangxi Emperor (Qing dynasty)


奕詝 Yìzhǔ	奕詝 \| 奕詝* \| *奕詝	given name of Qing Emperor Xianfeng 咸豐｜咸丰	奕𬣞


元年 yuánnián	元年 \| 元年* \| *元年	first year of an emperor's reign / first year of an era / first year of a significant time period


楊貴妃 Yáng Guìfēi	楊貴妃 \| 楊貴妃* \| *楊貴妃	Yang Guifei (719-756), famous Tang beauty, consort of Emperor Xuanzhong 唐玄宗	杨贵妃


一朝天子一朝臣 yīcháotiānzǐyīcháochén	一朝…朝臣 \| 一朝…朝臣* \| *一朝…朝臣	new emperor, new officials (idiom) / a new chief brings in new aides


黃帝族 Huángdìzú	黃帝族 \| 黃帝族* \| *黃帝族	tribes under the Yellow Emperor	黄帝族


秦始皇 Qín Shǐhuáng	秦始皇 \| 秦始皇* \| *秦始皇	Qin Shihuang (259-210 BC), the first emperor


李世民 Lǐ Shìmín	李世民 \| 李世民* \| *李世民	Li Shimin, personal name of second Tang emperor Taizong 唐太宗 (599-649), reigned 626-649


明成祖 Míng Chéngzǔ	明成祖 \| 明成祖* \| *明成祖	Ming Chengzu, temple name of third Ming Emperor Yongle 永樂｜永乐


唐明皇 Táng Mínghuáng	唐明皇 \| 唐明皇* \| *唐明皇	Emperor Ming of Tang (685-762), also known as Emperor Xuanzong of Tang 唐玄宗, reigned 712-756


帝王企鵝 dìwángqǐ'é	帝王企鵝 \| 帝王企鵝* \| *帝王企鵝	emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri)	帝王企鹅


王昭君 Wáng Zhāojūn	王昭君 \| 王昭君* \| *王昭君	Wang Zhaojun (52-19 BC), famous beauty at the court of Han emperor Yuan 漢元帝｜汉元帝, one of the four legendary beauties 四大美女


恩寵 ēnchǒng	恩寵 \| 恩寵* \| *恩寵	special favor from a ruler / Emperor's generosity towards a favorite	恩宠


天子 tiānzǐ	天子 \| 天子* \| *天子	the (rightful) emperor / "Son of Heaven" (traditional English translation)


唐玄宗 Táng Xuánzōng	唐玄宗 \| 唐玄宗* \| *唐玄宗	Tang Emperor Xuanzong (685-762), also known as Emperor Ming of Tang 唐明皇, reign name of seventh Tang emperor 李隆基, reigned 712-756


上疏 shàngshū	上疏 \| 上疏* \| *上疏	(of a court official) to present a memorial to the emperor (old)


御用 yùyòng	御用 \| 御用* \| *御用	for use by the emperor / imperial / (derog.) in the pay of the ruler


劉邦 Liú Bāng	劉邦 \| 劉邦* \| *劉邦	Liu Bang (256 or 247-195 BC), bandit leader who became first Han emperor Han Gaozu 漢高祖｜汉高祖 (reigned 202-195 BC)	刘邦


聖誕 Shèngdàn	聖誕 \| 聖誕* \| *聖誕	Christmas / birthday of reigning Emperor / Confucius' birthday	圣诞


唐高宗 Táng Gāozōng	唐高宗 \| 唐高宗* \| *唐高宗	Emperor Gaozong of Tang, reign name of third Tang emperor Li Zhi 李治 (628-683), reigned 649-683


朝天 cháotiān	朝天 \| 朝天* \| *朝天	to have an audience with the Emperor / to be presented at court / to look skyward / to look up


卿 qīng	卿 \| 卿* \| *卿	high ranking official (old) / term of endearment between spouses (old) / (from the Tang Dynasty onwards) term used by the emperor for his subjects (old) / honorific (old)


唐高祖 Táng Gāozǔ	唐高祖 \| 唐高祖* \| *唐高祖	Emperor Gaozu of Tang, reign name of first Tang emperor Li Yuan 李淵｜李渊 (566-635), reigned 618-626


聖上 shèngshàng	聖上 \| 聖上* \| *聖上	courtier's or minister's form of address for the current Emperor	圣上


溥儀 Pǔyí	溥儀 \| 溥儀* \| *溥儀	Puyi, personal name of the last Qing emperor (reigned as child 1909-1911), the subject of Bertolucci's biopic The Last Emperor	溥仪


奏摺 zòuzhé	奏摺 \| 奏摺* \| *奏摺	memorial to the emperor (folded in accordion form)	奏折


寧宗 Níngzōng	寧宗 \| 寧宗* \| *寧宗	Emperor Ningzong of Southern Song (1168-1224)	宁宗


李隆基 Lǐ Lōngjī	李隆基 \| 李隆基* \| *李隆基	personal name of seventh Tang emperor Xuanzong 唐玄宗 (685-762), reigned 712-756


正統 Zhèngtǒng	正統 \| 正統* \| *正統	Zhengtong Emperor, reign name of sixth Ming Emperor Zhu Qizhen 朱祁鎮｜朱祁镇 (1427-1464), reigned 1435-1449, temple name Yingzong 英宗	正统


覲見 jìnjiàn	覲見 \| 覲見* \| *覲見	to have an audience (with the Emperor)	觐见


炎黃子孫 Yán Huángzǐsūn	炎黃子孫 \| 炎黃子孫* \| *炎黃子孫	descendants of the Fiery Emperor and the Yellow Emperor (i.e. Han Chinese people)	炎黄子孙


天王 tiānwáng	天王 \| 天王* \| *天王	emperor / god / Hong Xiuquan's self-proclaimed title / see also 洪秀全


天高皇帝遠 tiāngāohuángdìyuǎn	天高皇帝遠 \| 天高皇帝遠* \| *天高皇帝遠	lit. the sky is high and the emperor is far away (idiom) / fig. remote places are beyond the reach of the central government	天高皇帝远


拿破崙 Nápòlún	拿破崙 \| 拿破崙* \| *拿破崙	Napoleon (name) / Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), Emperor of France 1804-1815	拿破仑


明武宗 Míng Wǔzōng	明武宗 \| 明武宗* \| *明武宗	Ming Wuzong, temple name of eleventh Ming emperor Zhengde 正德


末代皇帝 Mòdài Huángdì	末代皇帝 \| 末代皇帝* \| *末代皇帝	The Last Emperor, 1987 biopic of Pu Yi 溥儀｜溥仪 by Bernardo Bertolucci


聖躬 shènggōng	聖躬 \| 聖躬* \| *聖躬	the Emperor's body / Holy body / the current reigning Emperor	圣躬


戴克里先 Dàikèlǐxiān	戴克里先 \| 戴克里先* \| *戴克里先	Diocletian (c. 245-311), Roman emperor


楊玉環 Yáng Yùhuán	楊玉環 \| 楊玉環* \| *楊玉環	Yang Yuhuan, aka Yang Guifei 楊貴妃｜杨贵妃 (719-756), famous Tang beauty, consort of Emperor Xuanzhong 唐玄宗	杨玉环


皇帝的新衣 Huángdìdexīnyī	皇帝的新衣 \| 皇帝的新衣* \| *皇帝的新衣	the Emperor's new clothes (i.e. naked)


唐武宗 Táng Wǔzōng	唐武宗 \| 唐武宗* \| *唐武宗	Emperor Wuzong of Tang (814-846), reign name of sixteenth Tang emperor Li Chan 李瀍, reigned 840-846


袁世凱 Yuán Shìkǎi	袁世凱 \| 袁世凱* \| *袁世凱	Yuan Shikai (1859-1916), senior general of late Qing, subsequently warlord and self-proclaimed emperor of China	袁世凯


尊號 zūnhào	尊號 \| 尊號* \| *尊號	honorific title / form of address reserved for a queen, ancestor, emperor etc	尊号


建文帝 Jiànwéndì	建文帝 \| 建文帝* \| *建文帝	reign name of second Ming emperor, reigned 1398-1402, deposed in 1402


日本天皇 Rìběntiānhuáng	日本天皇 \| 日本天皇* \| *日本天皇	Emperor of Japan


秦代 Qíndài	秦代 \| 秦代* \| *秦代	Qin dynasty (221-207 BC), founded by the first emperor Qin Shihuang 秦始皇, the first dynasty to rule the whole of China


董卓 Dǒng Zhuó	董卓 \| 董卓* \| *董卓	Dong Zhuo (-192), top general of late Han, usurped power in 189, murdered empress dowager and child emperor, killed in 192 by Lü Bu 呂布｜吕布


圍場 wéichǎng	圍場 \| 圍場* \| *圍場	enclosure / pig pen / hunting ground exclusively kept for emperor or nobility (in former times)	围场


宣統 Xuāntǒng	宣統 \| 宣統* \| *宣統	reign name (1909-1911) of the last Qing emperor Pu Yi 溥儀｜溥仪	宣统


素面朝天 sùmiàncháotiān	素面朝天 \| 素面朝天* \| *素面朝天	lit. to present oneself confidently to the emperor, without makeup (as did the sister of Yang Guifei 楊貴妃｜杨贵妃) (idiom) / fig. (of a woman) to show one's natural features, without makeup / to present oneself just as one is, without artifice


司馬炎 Sīmǎ Yán	司馬炎 \| 司馬炎* \| *司馬炎	Sima Yan (236–290), founder and first emperor (265–290) of the Western Jin dynasty 西晉｜西晋, posthumous name 晉武帝｜晋武帝	司马炎


官家 guānjiā	官家 \| 官家* \| *官家	emperor / government / official


昭和 Zhāohé	昭和 \| 昭和* \| *昭和	Shōwa, Japanese era name, corresponding to the reign (1925-1989) of emperor Hirohito 裕仁

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