| | | HSK 5 |
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| | to reform and open to the outside world / refers to Deng Xiaoping's policies from around 1980 | HSK 7-9 |
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| | land reform | |
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| | political reform | |
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| | to withdraw the mandate of heaven (and transition to a new dynasty) (original meaning) / revolution / revolutionary / to revolt (against sb or sth) / to revolutionize (sth) / (separable verb sometimes used in the pattern 革noun 的命) / CL: 次 | HSK 7-9 |
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| | October Revolution | |
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| | artificial leather | |
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| | to transform / to change | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to discard the old and introduce the new (idiom); to innovate | |
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| | to innovate / innovation | HSK 6 |
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| | to be buried in a horse hide (idiom) / to give one's life on the battlefield | |
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| | fellmonger / a dealer who works with animal hides and skins | |
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| | (Protestant) Reformation | |
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| | financial reform | |
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| | Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) | |
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| | synthetic leather | |
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|
| | reform of the writing system | |
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|
| | Xinhai Revolution (1911), which ended the Qing Dynasty | |
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|
| | French Revolution (1789) | |
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| | historical development / background | |
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| | democratic revolution / bourgeois revolution (in Marx-Leninist theory, a prelude to the proletarian revolution) | |
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| | reformer | |
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| | the reformist party | |
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| | to sack / to remove from a position / to depose | |
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| | a revolutionary | |
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| | | |
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| | PRC National Development and Reform Commission | |
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| | martyr to the revolution | |
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| | to fire / to discharge | |
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| | Second Revolution, campaign from 1913 of the provisional revolutionary government (under Sun Yat-sen and the Guomindang) against Yuan Shikai 袁世凱｜袁世凯 and the Northern Warlords | |
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| | dengue fever / Singapore hemorrhagic fever | |
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| | National Revolutionary Army | |
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| | Industrial Revolution, c. 1750-1830 | |
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| | Glorious Revolution (England, 1688) | |
|
|
| | lit. the body is the revolution's capital / fig. good health is a prerequisite for work (Mao Zedong's saying) | |
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| | animal hide / leather / to reform / to remove / to expel (from office) | |
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|
| | evolution of sth over time / course of development / history | |
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| | French Revolution (1789-1799) | |
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| | counterrevolutionary | |
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| | lit. to wash one's heart and renew one's face (idiom); to repent sincerely and mend one's mistaken ways / to turn over a new leaf | |
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| | mixed ownership reform (strategy aimed at enhancing the efficiency and competitiveness of state-owned enterprises) | |
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| | to eliminate / to expel / to abolish | |
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| | Cultural Revolution (1966-76) (abbr. for 文化大革命) | |
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| | dengue vaccine | |
|
|
| | economic reform | |
|
|
| | to dismiss / to lay off | |
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|
| | bourgeois revolution (in Marx-Leninist theory, a prelude to the proletarian revolution) | |
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|
| | Ge'gyai county in Ngari prefecture, Tibet, Tibetan: Dge rgyas rdzong | |
|
|
| | reformer | |
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|
| | Damascus, capital of Syria | |
|
|
| | (Maoism) New Democracy (aka New Democratic Revolution) | |
|
|
| | leather purse / fig. human body | |
|
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| | dressed in Western-style clothes / impeccably attired | |
|
|
| | Mr Gram / Dr. Hans Christian Jaochim Gram (1953-1938), Danish doctor and inventor of the Gram stain 革蘭氏染色法｜革兰氏染色法 | |
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|
| | counterrevolutionary coup of 12th April 1927, Chiang Kai-shek's coup against the communists in Shanghai | |
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|
| | revolutionary | |
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|
| | Gram-positive (bacteria) | |
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| | Geiger counter | |
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| | change management (business) | |
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|
| | leather (shoes) / fig. Western dress | |
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|
| | dengue fever | |
|
|
| | Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries (PRC political campaign from 1950-1952), abbr. to 鎮反運動｜镇反运动 | |
|
|
| | Yongzhen Reform, Tang dynasty failed reform movement of 805 led by Wang Shuwen 王叔文 | |
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|
| | to excommunicate (from a church) | |
|
|
| | lit. to renew one's face and wash one's heart (idiom); to repent sincerely and mend one's mistaken ways / to turn over a new leaf | |
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|
| | Gram-positive (bacteria) | |
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| | Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Shijingshan District, Beijing | |
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| | martyr of the revolution | |
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| | Gram negative (bacteria that do not retain Gram stain, often the more dangerous kind) | |
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| | the crime of instigating counterrevolutionary propaganda | |
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|
| | the Tang and Wu Revolts: the overthrow (c. 1600 BC) of the Xia Dynasty by the first king, Tang 商湯｜商汤, of the Shang Dynasty, and the overthrow (c. 1046 BC) of the Shang Dynasty by the Zhou Dynasty founder, King Wu 周武王 | |
|
|
| | dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) | |
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|
| | leather goods | |
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| | Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang | |
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| | old democratic revolution / bourgeois revolution (in Marx-Leninist theory, a prelude to the proletarian revolution) | |
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| | to dismiss from a post | |
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| | PRC National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), formed in 2003 | |
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|
| | dengue virus | |
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| | Gram stain (used to distinguished two different kinds of bacteria) | |
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| | change of dynasties / clear out the old, bring in the new | |
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| | damson (fruit) | |
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| | to expel / to kick out | |
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| | to excommunicate (from a Buddhist monastery) | |
|
|
| | Ge'gyai county in Ngari prefecture, Tibet, Tibetan: Dge rgyas rdzong | |
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