| | also; too; as well; (not ...) either / (used after a verbal or nominal expression X to indicate that X is an extreme or unexpected case) even (X) / (literary) particle having functions similar to 啊 | HSK 1 |
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| | (completed action marker) / (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) / (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) | HSK 1 |
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| | of; ~'s (possessive particle) / (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) / (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) / (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的｜跑堂儿的 "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 "new one") / also pr. [di4] or [di5] in poetry and songs | HSK 1 |
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| | structural particle: used after a verb (or adjective as main verb), linking it to following phrase indicating effect, degree, possibility etc | HSK 2 |
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| | -ly / structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct | HSK 1 |
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| | actually / place / classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions etc / that which / particle introducing a relative clause or passive / CL: 個｜个 | HSK 3 |
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| | (prefix) can; may; able to; -able / to approve; to permit / to suit / (particle used for emphasis) certainly; very / but; however | HSK 5 |
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| | modal particle indicating that sth is obvious / particle indicating a pause for emphasis | HSK 6 |
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| | particle indicating that a previously asked question is to be applied to the preceding word ("What about ...?", "And ...?") / particle for inquiring about location ("Where is ...?") / particle signaling a pause, to emphasize the preceding words and allow the listener time to take them on board ("ok?", "are you with me?") / (at the end of a declarative sentence) particle indicating continuation of a state or action / particle indicating strong affirmation | HSK 1 |
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| | (particle equivalent to 啊 after a vowel, expressing surprise or doubt) | HSK 4 |
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| | (modal particle indicating suggestion or surmise) / ...right? / ...OK? / ...I presume. | HSK 1 |
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| | (question particle for "yes-no" questions) | HSK 1 |
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| | aspect particle indicating action in progress or ongoing state | HSK 1 |
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| | (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的) / him / her / it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | modal particle ending sentence, showing affirmation, approval, or consent | HSK 2 |
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| | sentence-final particle, contraction of 了啊, indicating exclamation / particle placed after each item in a list of examples | HSK 6 |
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| | to shoot (a projectile) / to fire (a rocket) / to launch / to emit (a particle) / to discharge / emanation / emission | HSK 5 |
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| | (emphatic sentence-final particle, used instead of 啊 after a word ending in "n") | HSK 4 |
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| | to take care (of) / to control / to manage / to be in charge of / to look after / to run / to care about / tube / pipe / woodwind / classifier for tube-shaped objects / particle similar to 把 in 管... 叫 constructions / writing brush / (coll.) to / towards | HSK 3 |
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| | (linguistics) auxiliary word; function word; particle | |
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| | classical final particle, similar to modern 了 | HSK 7-9 |
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| | a modal particle indicating (that's all, only, nothing much) | HSK 6 |
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| | (old) third person singular pronoun ("he" or "she") / second person singular pronoun ("you") / (May 4th period) third person singular feminine pronoun ("she") / (Classical Chinese) introductory particle with no specific meaning / (preceding a noun) that | |
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| | possessive particle (Cantonese) / Mandarin equivalent: 的 | |
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| | to go / to take / sentence-final interrogative particle / variant of 於｜于 | HSK 6 |
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| | (classical) this, that / he, she, they / (exclamatory final particle) / (initial particle, introduces an opinion) | |
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| | lit. 之, 乎, 者 and 也 (four grammatical particles of Classical Chinese) (idiom) / fig. archaic expressions | |
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| | accelerator (computing) / particle accelerator | |
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| | photon (particle physics) | |
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| | particle physics | |
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| | modal particle | |
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| | (classical particle similar to 於｜于) in / at / from / because / than / (classical final particle similar to 嗎｜吗, 吧, 呢, expressing question, doubt or astonishment) | |
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| | to capture (enemy property or personnel) / capture (physics: absorption of subatomic particle by an atom or nucleus) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (elementary) particle / grain | |
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| | (final particle, same as 吧) | |
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| | many-particle (physics) | |
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| | a particle collider | |
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| | elementary particle (particle physics) | |
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| | electronic / electron (particle physics) | |
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| | hadron (particle physics) | |
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| | particle used between an adverb and a verb or adjective / (dialect) particle used after a negative adverb such as 不 or 別｜别 without any other following element | |
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| | wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics | |
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| | aspect particle, such as 著｜着, 了, 過｜过 | |
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| | the bleating of sheep / final particle which transforms statements into questions that indicate doubt or surprise (Cantonese) | |
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| | Standard Model (of particle physics) | |
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| | grain; granule; pellet; particle / classifier for small round objects (peas, bullets, peanuts, pills, grains etc) / (Tw) classifier for larger round objects (watermelon etc) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | modal particle indicating lack of enthusiasm / modal particle indicating that things should only or can only be done a certain way | |
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| | neutrino (particle physics) / also written 微中子 | |
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| | particle physics | |
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| | a modal particle indicating (don't mind it, ok) | |
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| | modal particle | |
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| | modal particle expressing exclamation | |
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| | (final particle similar to 了, indicating that sth is obvious) | |
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| | sentence-final particle that conveys informality, warmth, friendliness or intimacy / may also indicate that one is stating a fact that the other person is not aware of | |
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| | (Tw) (sentence-final particle) (used to convey a friendly tone when giving an admonition or correcting sb etc) | |
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| | (final exclamatory particle) | |
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| | (archaic) sentence-final particle expressing a doubting attitude | |
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| | interrogative particle (classical) | |
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| | final particle indicating enthusiasm etc | |
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| | (exclamatory or interrogative particle) | |
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| | electrically charged particles | |
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| | "ants climbing a tree", a Sichuan dish made with cellophane noodles 粉絲｜粉丝 and ground meat (so called because the particles of meat clinging to the noodles look like ants on the twigs of a tree) / (sex position) man standing, woman clinging to his upper body / (erotic massage) full-body licking | |
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| | lepton (particle physics) | |
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| | (equivalent to 的 as possessive particle) | |
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| | up quark (particle physics) | |
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| | muon (particle physics) | |
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| | beam of elementary particles | |
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| | muntjac / grammar particle indicating nonsense (classical) | |
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| | stream of particles / particle flow | |
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| | (sentence-final particle expressing exhortation) / (syllable filler in a song) | |
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| | speck / particle | |
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| | structural particle, such as 的, 地, 得 and 所 | |
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| | (particle physics) (loanword) quark | |
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| | down quark (particle physics) | |
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| | boson (particle physics) | |
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| | gluon (particle physics) | |
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| | exclamatory final particle | |
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| | interrogative final particle | |
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| | Cantonese particle equivalent to 了 or 過｜过 | |
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| | Higgs boson (particle physics) | |
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| | point mass / particle | |
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| | (physics) spin (of a particle) | |
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| | beta particle (electron, esp. high speed electron emitted by radioactive nucleus) | |
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| | | |
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| | electron volt (unit of energy used in particle physics, approximately 10⁻¹⁹ joules) | |
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| | dust / (Buddhism) minutest particle of matter | |
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| | to eliminate dust (i.e. filter out suspended particles) | |
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| | infix (grammar), particle attached within a word or expression | |
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| | electro-weak interaction in fermion particle physics | |
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| | fragments / particles | |
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| | particle accelerator | |
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| | weak interaction (in particle physics) / weak force | |
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| | top quark (particle physics) | |
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| | flecks / particles / bits / fine powder | |
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| | proton (positively charged nuclear particle) / a prince sent to be held as a hostage in a neighbouring state in ancient China | |
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| | cloud track (trace of ionizing particle in cloud chamber) | |
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| | (final particle equivalent to 了) / (particle calling attention to, or mildly warning of, a situation) | |
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| | shower (radiation, particle, etc) | |
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| | colloid / colloidal particles | |
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| | quantum chromodynamics (particle physics) | |
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