| | of; ~'s (possessive particle) / (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) / (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) / (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的｜跑堂儿的 "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 "new one") / also pr. [di4] or [di5] in poetry and songs | HSK 1 |
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| | to circle / to go back / to turn around / to answer / to return / to revolve / Hui ethnic group (Chinese Muslims) / time / classifier for acts of a play / section or chapter (of a classic book) | HSK 1 |
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| | to pay back / to return | HSK 1 |
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| | to return; to come back | HSK 1 |
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| | to return / to go back | HSK 1 |
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| | to invert; to place upside down or frontside back / to pour out / to tip out; to dump / inverted; upside down; reversed / to go backward / contrary to what one might expect; but; yet | HSK 2 |
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| | the back of a body or object / to turn one's back / to hide something from / to learn by heart / to recite from memory / (slang) unlucky / hard of hearing | HSK 2 |
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| | only / merely / no more than / but / however / anyway (to get back to a previous topic) / cannot be more (after adjectival) | HSK 2 |
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| | to be in favor of / to support / to back / support / backing / to stand by / CL: 個｜个 | HSK 3 |
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| | to be burdened / to carry on the back or shoulder | HSK 3 |
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| | to keep / to retain / to have reservations (about sth) / to hold back (from saying sth) / to put aside for later | HSK 3 |
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| | to return / to go back to / to give back to / (of a responsibility) to be taken care of by / to belong to / to gather together / (used between two identical verbs) despite / to marry (of a woman) (old) / division on the abacus with a one-digit divisor | HSK 4 |
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| | but / yet / however / while / to go back / to decline / to retreat / nevertheless / even though | HSK 4 |
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| | to report / to give an account of / to collect information and report back | HSK 4 |
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| | to regain / to retake / to take back / to withdraw / to revoke | HSK 4 |
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| | to sway / to swing / to move back and forth / to oscillate | HSK 4 |
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| | to shun / to avoid (sb) / to skirt / to evade (an issue) / to step back / to withdraw / to recuse (a judge etc) | HSK 5 |
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| | (in) return / reciprocation / payback / retaliation / to report back / to reciprocate | HSK 5 |
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| | to return to / to come (or go) back | HSK 5 |
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| | to look back / to review | HSK 5 |
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| | in those days; back then; in those years / to be in the prime of life | HSK 5 |
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| | to reply / to write back / letter written in reply / CL: 封 | HSK 5 |
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| | dealings / contacts / to go back and forth | HSK 6 |
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| | to bear / to carry (on one's back) / to turn one's back on / to be defeated / negative (math. etc) | HSK 6 |
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| | turning one's back to (sth or sb) / keeping sth secret from (sb) / keeping (one's hands) behind one's back | HSK 6 |
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| | to provide assistance / to support / to back | HSK 6 |
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| | to cover; to spread over / a cover; a shade; a hood / bamboo fish trap / bamboo chicken coop / (Tw) (coll.) to protect; to have sb's back / (Tw) (coll.) awesome; incredible / (Tw) (coll.) (often as 罩得住) to have things under control; to be able to handle it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to cut out (as a dress) / to cut / to trim / to reduce / to diminish / to cut back (e.g. on staff) / decision / judgment | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to strike back; to beat back; to counterattack | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to sway to and fro / to rock back and forth | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to repay a favor / to give back / feedback | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to recoil; to draw back; to fall back; to retreat | HSK 7-9 |
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| | a bow (weapon) / CL: 張｜张 / to bend / to arch (one's back etc) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to revive / (lit. and fig.) to come back to life / (religion) resurrection | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to send back information / feedback | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to count backwards (from 10 down to 0) / to count down / from the bottom (lines on a page) / from the back (rows of seats) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to recall / to recollect / to think back | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to return / to come back | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to pace back and forth / to dither; to hesitate / (of sales figures etc) to fluctuate | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to turn around; to look back / (fig.) to recall the past | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to go back and forth; to go to and fro; to do a round trip | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (of people who were estranged) to be reconciled / (of a couple) to get back together | HSK 7-9 |
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| | incoming telephone call (or telegram) / to phone in; to send in a telegram / to have an instant attraction to sb / (of electricity, after an outage) to come back | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to resist / to hold back / to stop / to ward off / to withstand | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (idiom) unable to hold oneself back; eager to do sth without delay | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to think back over sth / to review / to revisit / to rethink / reflection / reassessment | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (economics) to reduce / to curtail / to cut back / to tighten / austerity / tightening / crunch | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to pull back / to shrink / to contract / (physiology) systole | HSK 7-9 |
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| | lit. to go upstream / to trace sth back to / to date from | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to return (an item) / to send back / to go back | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to turn upside down / to reverse / back to front / confused / deranged / crazy | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to shrink back; to cower | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to check / to contain / to hold back / to keep within limits / to constrain / to restrain | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to fall back / to return to low level after a rise (in water level, price etc) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to carry on one's back | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (lit.) to enter through the back door / (fig.) to pull strings; to use connections / (fig.) (slang) to have anal sex | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to retreat / to shrink back | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to back sb up / to support sb in an argument / (lit. to beat nearby drum) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | repayment / to pay back money | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to make a round trip / return journey / back and forth / to and fro / repeatedly | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to bounce / to bounce back / to boomerang / to ricochet / rebound (of stock market etc) / bounce / backlash / negative repercussions | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to choke / to stifle / to restrain / to hold back / to hold in (urine) / to hold (one's breath) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | setback / reverse / check / defeat / frustration / disappointment / to frustrate / to discourage / to set sb back / to blunt / to subdue | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to pick up and drop off; to ferry back and forth | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to withdraw / to pull back / to contract / to shrink / to reduce / abbreviation / also pr. [su4] | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to move aside / to get out of the way / to back down / to concede | HSK 7-9 |
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| | restored to one's official post / to send sb back to his former post | |
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| | to criticize behind sb's back / back-biting | |
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| | pace back and forth / to walk | |
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| | to return to old ways (a Confucian aspiration) / to turn back the clock / neoclassical school during Tang and Song associated with classical writing 古文 / retro (fashion style based on nostalgia, esp. for 1960s) | |
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| | to counterattack / to come back after a defeat / to retrieve lost ground | |
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| | to look back at history | |
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| | to straighten one's back / to arch one's back | |
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| | to go back to one's roots / to return to one's native place / by ext. to join one's ancestors (i.e. to die) | |
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| | to come back out of retirement; to get involved again after having withdrawn | |
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| | Since they have come, we should make them comfortable (idiom). Since we're here, take it easy. / Since this is so, we should accept it. / Now we have come, let's stay and take the rough with the smooth. / If you can't do anything to prevent it, you might as well sit back and enjoy it. | |
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| | to hold back from saying precisely what is on one's mind | |
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| | to stop; to pull back | |
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| | (literary) to hold back / (literary) to restrain; to control (oneself) / to collect; to gather / Taiwan pr. [lian4] | |
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| | to drive out / to turn back | |
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| | to pay back | |
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| | to go and come back / to make a return trip / backwards and forwards (e.g. of piston or pump action) / to reciprocate (of machine part) | |
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| | vertical; north-south (Taiwan pr. [zong1]) / from front to back; longitudinal; lengthwise (Taiwan pr. [zong1]) / military unit corresponding to an army corps (Taiwan pr. [zong1]) / (bound form) to release (a captive) / to indulge / to leap up / (literary) even if | |
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| | lit. to strangle the front and press the back (idiom) / fig. to occupy all key points (military) | |
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| | to rock back and forth / (fig.) to act ostentatiously / to brag / to show off | |
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| | to carry on one's shoulder or back / burden / responsibility | |
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| | like a fish back in water (idiom); glad to be back in one's proper surroundings | |
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| | to put on (clothes) / to put (clothes) back on | |
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| | to glance back / (fig.) to regret; to have second thoughts about sth | |
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| | to turn one's back / to turn around / fig. change in a very short time | |
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| | to rove around / to run around in circles / to walk back and forth | |
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| | to criticize behind sb's back / back-biting | |
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| | to get one's money back (esp. gambling) / to recoup one's losings | |
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| | to pull / to draw / to pull back / to withdraw / to flash past | |
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| | (idiom) back to where we were; absolutely no improvement; things haven't changed at all | |
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| | lit. to return in a swirl of dust (idiom) / fig. to regroup and come back even stronger / to make a comeback | |
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| | to turn back / to reverse | |
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| | to pay back in full / to redeem a debt | |
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| | reversal / inversion / to reverse / to invert (upside down, inside out, back to front, white to black etc) | |
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| | to defer payment / to pay back over long term | |
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