to exist; to be alive / (of sb or sth) to be (located) at / (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress)

many; much / too many; in excess / (after a numeral) ... odd / how (to what extent) (Taiwan pr. [duo2]) / (bound form) multi-; poly-

to make; to produce / to write; to compose / to do; to engage in; to hold (a party etc) / (of a person) to be (an intermediary, a good student etc); to become (husband and wife, friends etc) / (of a thing) to serve as; to be used for / to assume (an air or manner)

to cross / to go over / to pass (time) / to celebrate (a holiday) / to live / to get along / excessively / too-

of; ~'s (possessive particle) / (used after an attribute) / (used to form a nominal expression) / (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) / also pr. [di4] or [di5] in poetry and songs

to come / (used as a substitute for a more specific verb) / hither (directional complement for motion toward the speaker, as in 回來｜回来) / ever since (as in 自古以來｜自古以来) / for the past (amount of time) / (prefix) the coming ...; the next ... (as in 來世｜来世) / (between two verbs) in order to / (after a round number) approximately / (used after 得 to indicate possibility, as in 談得來｜谈得来, or after 不 to indicate impossibility, as in 吃不來｜吃不来)

(bound form) up; upper; above; previous / first (of multiple parts) / to climb; to get onto; to go up / to attend (class or university) / (directional complement) up / (noun suffix) on; above

down / downwards / below / lower / later / next (week etc) / second (of two parts) / to decline / to go down / to arrive at (a decision, conclusion etc) / measure word to show the frequency of an action

to have; there is / (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意 intentional)

to come out / to appear / to arise

can; to have the skill; to know how to / to be likely to; to be sure to / to meet; to get together / meeting; gathering / (suffix) union; group; association / (bound form) a moment (Taiwan pr. [hui3])

to see / to meet / to appear (to be sth) / to interview / opinion / view

good / appropriate; proper / all right! / (before a verb) easy to / (before a verb) good to / (before an adjective for exclamatory effect) so / (verb complement indicating completion) / (of two people) close; on intimate terms / (after a personal pronoun) hello

to divide; to separate / to distribute; to allocate / to distinguish (good and bad) / (bound form) branch of (an organization); sub- (as in 分局) / fraction / one tenth (of certain units) / unit of length equivalent to 0.33 cm / minute (unit of time) / minute (angular measurement unit) / a point (in sports or games) / 0.01 yuan (unit of money)

plural marker for pronouns, and nouns referring to individuals

to help / to assist / to support / for sb (i.e. as a help) / hired (as worker) / side (of pail, boat etc) / outer layer / upper (of a shoe) / group / gang / clique / party / secret society

to go out; to come out / to arise; to occur / to produce; to yield / to go beyond; to exceed / (used after a verb to indicate an outward direction or a positive result) / classifier for dramas, plays, operas etc

to hold / to seize / to catch / to apprehend / to take / (used in the same way as 把: to mark the following noun as a direct object)

to leave; to part (from) / (literary) to differentiate; to distinguish / (bound form) other; another; different / don't ...! / to fasten with a pin or clip / to stick in; to insert (in order to hinder movement) / (noun suffix) category (e.g. 性別｜性别, 派別｜派别)

can / to be able to / might possibly / ability / (physics) energy

hand / (formal) to hold / person engaged in certain types of work / person skilled in certain types of work / personal(ly) / convenient / classifier for skill / CL: 雙｜双, 隻｜只

to reach; to arrive / to leave for; to go to / to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point) / (verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point) / considerate; thoughtful; thorough

movement; motion; action (CL:個｜个) / to act; to move

right; correct / towards; at; for / concerning; regarding / to treat (sb a certain way) / to face / (bound form) opposite; facing; matching / to match together; to adjust / to fit; to suit / to answer; to reply / to add; to pour in (a fluid) / to check; to compare / classifier: couple; pair

to use / to employ / to have to / to eat or drink / expense or outlay / usefulness / hence / therefore

ordinal number / day of a month / mark / sign / business establishment / size / ship suffix / horn (wind instrument) / bugle call / assumed name / to take a pulse / classifier used to indicate number of people

to rise / to raise / to get up / to set out / to start / to appear / to launch / to initiate (action) / to draft / to establish / to get (from a depot or counter) / verb suffix, to start / starting from (a time, place, price etc) / classifier for occurrences or unpredictable events: case, instance / classifier for groups: batch, group

to thank / thanks / thank you

to want; to need; to ask for / will; shall; about to / need to; should / if (same as 要是) / (bound form) important

to / for / for the benefit of / to give / to allow / to do sth (for sb) / (grammatical equivalent of 被) / (grammatical equivalent of 把) / (sentence intensifier)

to check / to verify / to test / to examine / to take an exam / to take an entrance exam for / deceased father

to work / (of a machine) to operate / job / work / task / CL: 個｜个, 份, 項｜项

heavy / serious / to attach importance to

flower / blossom / CL: 朵, 支, 束, 把, 盆, 簇 / fancy pattern / florid / to spend (money, time) / (coll.) lecherous / lustful

letter / symbol / character / word / CL: 個｜个 / courtesy or style name traditionally given to males aged 20 in dynastic China

north / (classical) to be defeated

you (informal, as opposed to courteous 您)

you (Note: In Taiwan, 妳 is used to address females, but in mainland China, it is not commonly used. Instead, 你 is used to address both males and females.)

to know; to become aware of / also pr. [zhi1dao5]

illness / CL: 場｜场 / disease / to fall ill / defect

where? / somewhere / anywhere / wherever / nowhere (negative answer to question) / humble expression denying compliment / also written 哪裡｜哪里

where? / somewhere / anywhere / wherever / nowhere (negative answer to question) / humble expression denying compliment

to see; to look at / to read / to watch / to visit; to call on / to consider; to regard as / to look after / to treat (a patient or illness) / to depend on / to feel (that) / (after a verb) to give it a try / to watch out for

to sleep / to lie down

book / letter / document / CL: 本, 冊｜册, 部 / to write

(after a suppositional clause) in that case; then / (after a clause of action) as soon as; immediately after / (same as 就是) merely; nothing else but; simply; just; precisely; exactly / only; as little as / as much as; as many as / to approach; to move towards / to undertake; to engage in / (often followed by 著｜着) taking advantage of / (of food) to go with / with regard to; concerning / (pattern: 就 ... 也 ...) even if ... still ... / (pattern: 不 ... 就 ...) if not ... then must be ...

to meet; to see each other / CL: 次

from; through; via / (bound form) to follow / (bound form) to obey / (bound form) to engage in (an activity) / (used before a negative) ever / (bound form) (Taiwan pr. [zong4]) retainer; attendant / (bound form) (Taiwan pr. [zong4]) assistant; auxiliary; subordinate / (bound form) (Taiwan pr. [zong4]) related by common paternal grandfather or earlier ancestor

home / family / (polite) my (sister, uncle etc) / classifier for families or businesses / refers to the philosophical schools of pre-Han China / noun suffix for a specialist in some activity, such as a musician or revolutionary, corresponding to English -ist, -er, -ary or -ian / CL: 個｜个

(adverb) also; both ... and ... (before predicates only) / (literary) particle having functions similar to 啊

(specifier) that; the; those (colloquial pr. [nei4]) / (pronoun) that (referring to persons, things or situations) / then (in that case)

to go forward / to advance / to go in / to enter / to put in / to submit / to take in / to admit / (math.) base of a number system / classifier for sections in a building or residential compound

to hear

to beat / to strike / to hit / to break / to type / to mix up / to build / to fight / to fetch / to make / to tie up / to issue / to shoot / to calculate / to play (a game) / since / from

to walk / to go / to travel / a visit / temporary / makeshift / current / in circulation / to do / to perform / capable / competent / effective / all right / OK! / will do / behavior / conduct / Taiwan pr. [xing4] for the behavior-conduct sense

to compare / (followed by a noun and adjective) more {adj.} than {noun} / ratio / to gesture / (Taiwan pr. [bi4] in some compounds derived from Classical Chinese)

station / to stand / to halt / to stop / branch of a company or organization / website

to help / to lend a hand / to do a favor / to do a good turn

to introduce (sb to sb) / to give a presentation / to present (sb for a job etc) / introduction

to send; to deliver; to transmit / to give (as a present) / to see (sb) off / to accompany; to go along with

to like; to be fond of; to take pleasure in; to be keen on / interest; hobby / CL: 個｜个

to be (followed by substantives only) / correct; right; true / (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well / (adverb for emphatic assertion)

lightning / electricity / electric (bound form) / to get (or give) an electric shock / phone call or telegram etc / to send via telephone or telegram etc

mountain pass / to close; to shut; to turn off / to confine; to lock (sb) up; to shut (sb in a room, a bird in a cage etc) / to concern; to involve

to think (about) / to think of; to devise / to think (that); to believe (that) / to desire; to want (to) / to miss (feel wistful about the absence of)

two / both / some / a few / tael, unit of weight equal to 50 grams (modern) or 1⁄16 of a catty 斤 (old)

white / snowy / pure / bright / empty / blank / plain / clear / to make clear / in vain / gratuitous / free of charge / reactionary / anti-communist / funeral / to stare coldly / to write wrong character / to state / to explain / vernacular / spoken lines in opera

to love; to be fond of; to like / affection / to be inclined (to do sth); to tend to (happen)

gate / door / CL: 扇 / gateway / doorway / CL: 個｜个 / opening / valve / switch / way to do something / knack / family / house / (religious) sect / school (of thought) / class / category / phylum or division (taxonomy) / classifier for large guns / classifier for lessons, subjects, branches of technology / (suffix) -gate (i.e. scandal; derived from Watergate)

dry / dried food / empty; hollow / taken in to nominal kinship; adoptive; foster / futile; in vain / (dialect) rude; blunt / (dialect) to cold-shoulder

(bound form) to have to do with; to concern oneself with / one of the ten heavenly stems 天干 / (archaic) shield

tree trunk / main part of sth / to manage / to work / to do / capable / cadre / to kill (slang) / to fuck (vulgar) / (coll.) pissed off / annoyed

to wear / to put on / to dress / to bore through / to pierce / to perforate / to penetrate / to pass through / to thread

to put / to place / to release / to free / to let go / to let out / to set off (fireworks)

to buy / to purchase

prefix used before the surname of a person or a numeral indicating the order of birth of the children in a family or to indicate affection or familiarity / old (of people) / venerable (person) / experienced / of long standing / always / all the time / of the past / very / outdated / (of meat etc) tough

straight / upright / proper / main / principal / to correct / to rectify / exactly / just (at that time) / right (in that place) / (math.) positive

(joining two nouns) and; together with; with (Taiwan pr. [han4]) / (math.) sum / to make peace / (sports) to draw; to tie / (bound form) harmonious / (bound form) Japan; Japanese

to eat; to consume / to eat at (a cafeteria etc) / to eradicate; to destroy / to absorb / to suffer (shock, injury, defeat etc)

to take an exam / exam / CL: 次

to read out; to read aloud / to read / to attend (school); to study (a subject in school) / to pronounce

same / like / equal to / the same as / just like

mistake / wrong / bad / interlocking / complex / to grind / to polish / to alternate / to stagger / to miss / to let slip / to evade / to inlay with gold or silver

right side / right, to the right

rapid / quick / speed / rate / soon / almost / to make haste / clever / sharp (of knives or wits) / forthright / plainspoken / gratified / pleased / pleasant

to drink / variant of 嗬

subject / course / CL: 門｜门 / class / lesson / CL: 堂, 節｜节 / to levy / tax / form of divination

to think that ...; to feel that ... / to feel (uncomfortable etc)

to warm up / to heat up / hot (of weather) / heat / fervent

to arrive; to come

to fly

(of sth) to move / to set in movement / to displace / to touch / to make use of / to stir (emotions) / to alter / abbr. for 動詞｜动词, verb

to open / to show (a ticket) / to turn on / to switch on

to wait for; to await / by the time; when; till / and so on; etc.; et al. / (bound form) class; rank; grade / (bound form) equal to; same as / (used to end an enumeration) / (literary) (plural suffix attached to a personal pronoun or noun)

few / less / to lack / to be missing / to stop (doing sth) / seldom

beforehand; first; earlier / at first; originally / for the time being; for now / (prefix) my late (in referring to deceased relatives older than oneself)

tired / weary / to strain / to wear out / to work hard

clear / obvious / unequivocal / to understand / to realize

tree / CL: 棵 / to cultivate / to set up

to fall ill