| | a decade of a century (e.g. the Sixties) / age / era / period / CL: 個|个 | HSK 3 |
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| | age / era / epoch / period (in one's life) / CL: 個|个 | HSK 3 |
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| | modern times / modern age / modern era | HSK 3 |
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| | to substitute / to act on behalf of others / to replace / generation / dynasty / age / period / (historical) era / (geological) eon | HSK 3 |
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| | representative / delegate / CL: 位, 個|个, 名 / to represent / to stand for / on behalf of / in the name of | HSK 3 |
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| | ancient times | HSK 3 |
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| | to replace; to take the place of | HSK 4 |
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| | the not-very-distant past / modern times, excluding recent decades / (in the context of Chinese history) the period from the Opium Wars until the May 4th Movement (mid-19th century to 1919) / capitalist times (pre-1949) | HSK 4 |
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| | to substitute for / to replace / to supersede | HSK 4 |
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| | price / cost / consideration (in share dealing) | HSK 5 |
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| | the present age / the contemporary era | HSK 5 |
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| | to act on behalf of sb in a responsible position / to act as an agent or proxy / surrogate / (computing) proxy | HSK 5 |
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| | to transfer (duties to sb else) / to give instructions; to tell (sb to do sth) / to explain; to give an account; to brief / to confess; to account for oneself / (jocular) to come to a bad end | HSK 5 |
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| | generation | HSK 6 |
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| | dynasty / reign (of a king) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to replace / to supersede / to supplant / (chemistry) substitution | HSK 7-9 |
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| | metabolism (biology) / the new replaces the old (idiom) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | code name | HSK 7-9 |
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| | agent | HSK 7-9 |
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| | descendant; progeny / posterity; later ages; later generations | HSK 7-9 |
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| | spokesperson | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (idiom) to replace; to supersede; to take its (or her etc) place | HSK 7-9 |
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| | epoch-marking | HSK 7-9 |
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| | for many generations / generation / era / age | HSK 7-9 |
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| | the next generation | HSK 7-9 |
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| | Tang dynasty (618-907) | |
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| | to buy (on behalf of sb) | |
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| | surname Ji / family name of the royal family of the Zhou Dynasty 周代 (1046-256 BC) | |
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| | previous generation | |
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| | Hōryūji, complex of Buddhist temples near Nara 奈良, Japan, dating back to the Asuka period 飛鳥時代|飞鸟时代 (c. 600) | |
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| | abbr. for 四個現代化|四个现代化, Deng Xiaoping's four modernizations | |
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| | code | |
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| | to teach as substitute for absent teacher | |
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| | Time, US weekly news magazine | |
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| | to act for sb else / to act on sb's behalf / an agent / a diplomatic representative / a chargé d'affaires | |
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| | modern man / Homo sapiens | |
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| | (computing, math.) to iterate / (literary) to alternate | |
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| | to transition to a new dynasty or regime | |
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| | representativeness / representative; typical | |
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| | Hyundai, South Korean company | |
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| | Thomas Hardy (1840-1928), English author | |
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| | the era of Japanese occupation | |
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| | to write on sb's behalf / a scrivener (who writes legal documents or letters for others) | |
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| | to write as substitute for sb / a ghost writer / plagiarism | |
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| | agent | |
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| | Dark Ages | |
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| | source code (computing) | |
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| | final generation | |
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| | periodization (of history) | |
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| | to receive sth on another's behalf | |
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| | successive generations / successive dynasties / past dynasties | |
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| | to transition to a new dynasty or regime / to replace an older product with an upgraded, new-generation one | |
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| | to be a spokesperson / to be an ambassador (for a brand) / to endorse | |
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| | new age | |
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| | to administer / to manage / to hold in trust or escrow | |
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| | scapegoat | |
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| | peerless / unmatched in his generation / incomparable (talent, beauty) | |
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| | ancient history | |
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| | to provide work to relieve poverty | |
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| | golden age | |
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| | chief representative | |
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| | party congress (of the Communist Party of China) | |
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| | to sell as agent / to sell on commission (e.g. insurance policies) / proxy sale (of stocks) | |
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| | Bandai toy company | |
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| | reform and renewal / generational change | |
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| | Five Dynasties, period of history between the fall of the Tang dynasty (907) and the founding of the Song dynasty (960), when five would-be dynasties were established in quick succession in North China | |
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| | replacement / substitution / metabolism (biol.) | |
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| | lit. the plum tree withers in place of the peach tree / to substitute one thing for another / to carry the can for sb | |
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| | magnificent style unmatched in his generation (idiom); peerless talent | |
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| | passed on from generation to generation (idiom); to hand down | |
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| | to pass to the next generation | |
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| | representative work (of an author or artist) | |
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| | three generations of a family / the three earliest dynasties (Xia, Shang and Zhou) | |
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| | the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) | |
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| | (math.) algebraic expression | |
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| | (Tw) to take over sb's job; to substitute for | |
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| | ice age | |
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| | Neolithic Era | |
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| | pronoun / synonym / byword | |
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| | algebra | |
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| | to write on behalf of sb / to ghostwrite | |
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| | a changeover of personnel / a new shift / (lit.) replacement for soldier on leave for the melon-picking season | |
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| | the Maldives | |
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| | valet parking | |
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| | Huang Shigong, also known as Xia Huanggong 夏黃公|夏黄公 (dates of birth and death uncertain), Daoist hermit of the Qin Dynasty 秦代 and purported author | |
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| | modern history (for China, from the Opium Wars until the fall of the Qing Dynasty, i.e. mid-19th to early 20th century) | |
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| | The Last Emperor, 1987 biopic of Pu Yi 溥儀|溥仪 by Bernardo Bertolucci | |
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| | passed on from generation to generation (idiom); to hand down | |
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| | Later History of the Five Dynasties (between Tang and Song), nineteenth of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史, compiled under Ouyang Xiu 歐陽修|欧阳修 in 1053 during Northern Song Dynasty, 74 scrolls | |
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| | linear algebra | |
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| | Cenozoic (geological era covering the last 65m years) | |
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| | new generation | |
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| | Xia or Hsia dynasty c. 2000 BC | |
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| | Paleolithic Era | |
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| | to do sth in place of sb else | |
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